Materials Literature
按标题、摘要、年份、主题和来源检索公开元数据。结果保留作者、摘要、分类与原始来源链接。
This article presents a theory for the rupture of rubber. Unlike conventional cracks, ruptures in rubber travel faster than the speed of sound, and consist in two oblique shocks that meet at a point. Physical features of rubber needed for this phenomenon include Kelvin dissipation and an increase of toughness as rubbe…
The mutual dependence of spin-dependent conduction and magnetization dynamics of ferromagnets provides the key mechanisms in various spin-dependent phenomena. We compute the response of the conduction electron spins to a spatial and time varying magnetization ${\bf M} ({\bf r},t)$ within the time-dependent semiclassic…
The field-induced magnetic order in the singlet-ground-state system CsFeCl$_3$ has been studied by measuring magnetization and neutron diffraction. The field dependence of intensity for the neutron magnetic reflection has clearly demonstrated that the field-induced ordered phase is described by the order parameter $$.…
Theoretical continuum models that describe the formation of patterns on surfaces of targets undergoing ion-beam sputtering, are based on Sigmund's formula, which describes the spatial distribution of the energy deposited by the ion. For small angles of incidence and amorphous or polycrystalline materials, this descrip…
The existence of conduction channels in lithium silicate $({\mathrm{Li}}_{2}\mathrm{O})$ $(\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2})$ is investigated. Regions of the system, where many different ions pass by, form channels and are thus spatially correlated. For a closer analysis the properties of the individual ionic sites are elu…
We simulate competitive two-component growth on a one dimensional substrate of $L$ sites. One component is a Poisson-type deposition that generates Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) correlations. The other is random deposition (RD). We derive the universal scaling function of the interface width for this model and show that t…
Recent experiments in La$_{1-x}$Ba$_x$MnO$_3$ thin films by Zhang {\it et al.} {[Phys. Rev. B {\bf 64}, 184404 (2001)]} showed that the ferromagnetic Curie temperature $T_c$ is enhanced (reduced) by tensile (compressive) strain. The results are regarded to be anomalous because it is generally understood by the authors…
We report the first atomistic calculation of the saddle-point configuration and activation energy for the nucleation of a 3D dislocation loop from a stressed crack tip in single crystal Cu. The transition state is found using reaction pathway sampling schemes, the nudged elastic band, and dimer methods. For the (111)[…
This paper investigates the application of a supercapacitor bank when used as a power buffer to smooth rapid power fluctuations in and out of the battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The study considers the simple case where the supercapacitor bank is connected directly in shunt with the battery as well as the ca…
In order to further increase the recording density in hard disk drives, new media materials are required. Two essential parameters of future recording media are a large uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) K(u) and a large saturation magnetization M(s). Based on first-principles theory, we predict that very speci…
Cellulose cotton linter was oxidized with sodium hypochlorite with catalytic amounts of sodium bromide and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) under various conditions. After this TEMPO-mediated oxidation, water-insoluble fractions were collected and characterized in terms of carboxylate and aldehyde…
Cable joints and terminations represent the weakest components of a HV cable power line because of the electric field enhancement at the edge of the truncated conductors and dielectrics. This paper deals with the distribution of the electric field in a cable termination. A numerical model is devised by solving Maxwell…
Abstract The angular distributions of protons travelling through thin polycrystalline gold targets (∼15 nm) with incident energies in the range of 4–10 keV have been measured. The results confirm previous experiments at higher energies showing deviations from theoretical predictions based on the standard multiple scat…
Abstract Summary: Poly(acryloamidino ethyleneamine) (PAEA) and poly(acryloamidino diethylene diamine) (PADD) have been synthesized for the observation of Cu II complex and Cu(OH) 2 crystal‐growth on the surface of different numbers of amino groups immobilized on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers. The shape of Cu II cryst…
Molecular oxygen has been found to be easily adsorbed on the partially hydrogenated diamond C(100)-(2×1):H surfaces, whereas the clean and fully hydrogenated C(100) surfaces are completely inert to molecular oxygen. The partially hydrogenated diamond C(100)-(2×1) surfaces have been prepared by (i) in situ hydrogen pho…
Brillouin scattering in liquids composed of optically and mechanically anisotropic molecules is affected by coupling between rotational and translational dynamics. While this effect has been extensively studied in depolarized (VH) scattering where it produces the "Rytov dip," recent theoretical analyses by Pick, Frano…
1-Acyldipyrromethanes are important precursors in rational syntheses of diverse porphyrinic compounds. 1-Acyldipyrromethanes are difficult to purify, typically streaking upon chromatography and giving amorphous powders upon attempted crystallization. A solution to this problem has been achieved by reacting the 1-acyld…
Direct growth of individual and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto a metallic tip apex using a two-chamber radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition is reported. Individual Ni nanocatalysts, obtained by a sol–gel combustion technique, were dots for the nucleation of individual CNTs that we…
Our theory of dynamic barriers, slow relaxation, and the glass transition of polymers melts is numerically applied using parameters relevant to real materials. The numerical results are found to be in qualitative agreement with all the approximate analytic expressions previously derived with quantitative differences o…
Pb 0.3 Sr 0.7 TiO 3 ( PST 30 ) thin films were synthesized on platinized silicon (Pt∕Si) and lanthanum aluminate (LAO) substrates using chemical solution deposition technique. The films on LAO substrate were highly (100) oriented, whereas the films on Pt∕Si substrate were polycrystalline. The low dielectric loss in th…