Materials Literature
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Smectic and lamellar liquid crystals are three-dimensional layered structures in which each layer behaves as a two-dimensional fluid. Because of their reduced dimensionality they have unique physical properties and challenging theoretical descriptions, and are the subject of much current research. One- and Two-Dimensi…
ZnO nanowires without or with Mg doping were produced by thermally oxidizing pure Zn or (Zn + Mg) powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that ZnO nanowires with and without Mg doping were crystalline with wurzite structure. The highest hydrogen uptake capability was 2.79 wt% at room temperature and 860 ps…
The Heusler alloy, ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{Cr}\mathrm{Al}$, is an itinerant magnet that orders at $T=333\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. We have measured its temperature-dependent anomalous Hall effect and magnetoresistance from room temperature down to low temperatures. The magnetoresistance is positive and…
Using high resolution electron microscopy and first principles quantum mechanical calculations we have explored the fundamental physics and chemistry of the semiconductor, HgTe grown inside single wall carbon nanotubes. This material forms a low-dimensional structure based on a repeating Hg2Te2 motif in which both ato…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Functionalized polymer nanofibre membranes for protection from chemical warfare stimulants, Ramaseshan, Ramakrishnan, Sundarrajan, Subramanian, Liu, Yingjun, Barhate, R S, Lala, Neeta L, Ramakrishna, S
Nanotubes composed of layered or nonlayered materials have been synthesized through various methods, among which template-based electrodeposition technology provides a versatile technique for synthesizing one-dimensional nanostructured materials. However, the growth mechanism of nanotubes using the template method is…
One usual way to strengthen a metal is to add alloying elements and to control the size and the density of the precipitates obtained. However, precipitation in multicomponent alloys can take complex pathways depending on the relative diffusivity of solute atoms and on the relative driving forces involved. In Al-Zr-Sc…
The ferromagnetism of a thin ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}\mathrm{As}$ layer with a perpendicular easy anisotropy axis is investigated by means of several techniques that yield a consistent set of data on the magnetic properties and the domain structure of this diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor.…
Condensation-induced water drop growth was studied on a super-hydrophobic spike surface. The dynamics are described by three main stages depending on the size of the drop with respect to the different spike pattern length scales. The initial stage is characterized by nucleation of the drops at the bottom (cavities) of…
In a manganite film without quenched disorder, we show texturing in the form of insulating and metallic stripes above and below Curie temperature (Tc), respectively, by high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). The formation of these stripes involves competing orbital and charge orders, and…
The response of vortex state to the magnetic field in Nb3Sn is probed using muon spin rotation and small-angle neutron scattering. A transformation of vortex structure between hexagonal and squared lattice is observed over a relatively low field range of 2-3 Tesla. The gradual increase of the magnetic penetration dept…
In bulk n-GaAs epilayers doped near the metal-insulator transition, we study the evolution of electron spin lifetime $τ_s$ as a function of applied lateral electrical bias $E_x$. $τ_s$ is measured via the Hanle effect using magneto-optical Kerr rotation. At low temperatures (T<10 K, where electrons are partially local…
We use a free energy lattice Boltzmann approach to investigate numerically the dynamics of drops moving across superhydrophobic surfaces. The surfaces comprise a regular array of posts small compared to the drop size. For drops suspended on the posts the velocity increases as the number of posts decreases. We show tha…
The (001) surface of NiO, an antiferromagnet at room temperature, was investigated under ultra-high vacuum conditions with frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM). The antiferromagnetic coupling between ions leads to a spin superstructure on (001) surfaces. Exchange interaction between the probe of a for…
Interactions between atoms of bound single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are known to cause measurable distortion to the tube's original circular cross-section frame. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigation was used here to directly image and verify these radial deformations. The data pr…
Expressions are given for the maximum and minimum values of Poisson's ratio ν for materials with cubic symmetry. Values less than −1 occur if and only if the maximum shear modulus is associated with the cube axis and is at least 25 times the value of the minimum shear modulus. Large values of occur in directions at wh…
A systematic, quantitative study of the effect of interface roughness and disorder on the magnetoresistance of FeCo$|$vacuum$|$FeCo magnetic tunnel junctions is presented based upon parameter-free electronic structure calculations. Surface roughness is found to have a very strong effect on the spin-polarized transport…
The microstructural development of crystalline‐oriented (K 0.5 Na 0.5 )NbO 3 (KNN)‐based piezoelectric ceramics during sintering was investigated. The addition of CuO as a sintering aid was found to be effective for fabricating highly oriented and dense KNN ceramics. KNN specimens containing 0.5–1.0 mol% CuO sintered…
Recent advances in the science and technology of composites utilizing carbon nanostructures are reviewed, including experimental results and modelling studies of composite properties and processing. Carbon nanotubes are emphasized, with other carbon nanostructures such as fullerenes, ultradispersed diamond clusters an…