Materials Literature
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A systematic investigation of the reduction of aqueous Na(2)WO(4) with aqueous NaBH(4) at ambient temperatures reveals the formation of several lower valent tungsten oxides such as the tetragonal (x < 0.38) and cubic (x > 0.43) tungsten bronzes Na(x)()WO(3) and the binary oxides WO(2) and W(24)O(68). The nature of the…
Abstract The sorption and downward transport of trace metals and phosphate in soils are dependent, in part, on the distribution of various forms of Fe, Al, and Mn. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) the distribution of various forms (exchangeable, organically bound, associated with Mn oxide, amorphou…
The effects of gas compression and Poisson's ratio on the compressive stress-strain curves of closed cell foams have been analysed. The contributions of hardening, polymer viscoelasticity, and gas escape on creep are examined. The foam diffusivity for air was predicted from the polymer permeability and the foam densit…
Using intermediate, liquid‐forming compositions in the (Y,La) 2 O 3 ‐AlN system as additives, fully dense Si 3 N 4 ceramics with high strength at high temperature have been obtained by pressureless sintering. The ceramics contain rod‐shaped β‐Si 3 N 4 with M′ or K′ solid solutions as grain‐boundary phases. The strengt…
The fabrication and operation of a pulse-doped diamond metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) is presented showing a usable source drain voltage of 70 V and no breakdown up to 100 V at 350/spl deg/C operating temperature. A channel sheet concentration of 8.5×10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/ could be fully modulated…
The Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modelling technique produces a structural model which is only constrained to agree with the available experimental data. For simple disordered systems good, unbiased structural descriptions are produced in this way. However, in general, a good fit to the data is merely a necessary, not a…
A systematic description of theoretical eddy-current permeability spectra of infinitely long and wide slabs with 180/spl deg/ bar domains is made for the classical model, the Pry-Bean and Polivanov model concerning the eddy-current anomaly owing to domain wall displacements (DWD), as well as a model dealing with the a…
The propylethylenediamine moiety was anchored on silica in acid medium by using sol−gel methodology. A sequence of reactions was carried out with glutaraldehyde followed by ethylenediamine in order to increase the organic chain pendant groups covalently bonded to the inorganic support. All synthesized silicas were cha…
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA) was used to measure water content (percent water) and dry weight elemental concentrations (in millimoles per kilogram) of Na, K, Cl, and Ca in axoplasm and mitochondria of rat optic and tibial nerve myelinated axons. Myelin and cytoplasm of glial cells were also analyzed. Each…
The elastic constants of the icosahedral boron crystals have been studied by the formulation of Born and Huang. First of all, a technique of symmetry decomposition has been developed for general crystals possessing molecular units in order to see the relaxation mechanism by the internal shift. It is proven that if a l…
Collagens, in addition to their structural role in the extracellular matrix, possess a number of functional binding domains. In this study, the binding to collagen of a monoclonal antibody is used as a model to define the molecular features involved in triple-helix interactions with other proteins. Here we report the…
Dry etching of PbZr X Ti 1- X O 3 (PZT) thin film capacitors with RuO X /Pt multilayered electrodes was studied to examine the etching effects. PZT films were deposited on RuO X /Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates by sol–gel process and Pt films were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering. PZT and Pt thin films were etched with…
Segment distribution of styrene in an alternating lamellar structure of styrene−2-vinylpyridine diblock copolymer was investigated by neutron reflection. Block copolymers having three types of deuterium-labeled styrene block chains consisting of fully labeled, partially junction-labeled, and partially end-labeled bloc…
Polycrystalline BaTiO3 thin films with thickness ranging from 2100 to 20 000 Å were prepared on platinum substrates using off-axis radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The variation in room temperature permittivity of the films was investigated with respect to thickness using x-ray diffraction and transmission electr…
Measurement of the linear electro-optic effect in poled polymer thin films with two parallel electrodes is analyzed. A single-beam polarization interferometry is adopted in a reflection configuration. The dependence of the linear electro-optic modulated intensity on linear optical parameters is investigated experiment…
The finite single-file system (diffusion in one dimension where the mutual passage of particles is inhibited) with particle exchange at the margins and an attractive nearest-neighbor particle-particle interaction is investigated. As the central quantity, the residence time distribution is introduced and related to exp…
We have investigated the performance of blue upconversion fiber lasers based on thulium-doped ZBLAN fiber, operating at 480 nm with a 1140-nm pump. Extensive fluorescence measurements have provided the necessary spectroscopic data to present a computer model that describes the performance of such lasers with good accu…
The role of a miniscaffolding protein, miniCipC1, forming part of Clostridium cellulolyticum scaffolding protein CipC in insoluble cellulose degradation was investigated. The parameters of the binding of miniCipC1, which contains a family III cellulose-binding domain (CBD), a hydrophilic domain, and a cohesin domain,…
Abstract The internal carbon of the inverted pyrrole in N-confused tetraphenylporphyrin 1 (5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-2-aza-21-carbaporphyrin) was nitrated by using the following aqueous solutions at room temperature for several minutes; (1) NaNO2/HCl (yield 71%) and (2) 30 wt% nitric acid (yield 27%).
Although amphiphilic polystyrene−poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers (PS−PEO) adsorb from aqueous solutions to hydrophobic surfaces, they are unable to form an end-anchored brush. Four independent techniques scanning angle reflectometry, hydrodynamic layer thickness measurements, streaming potential measurements,…