Materials Literature
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We accomplished truly scalable, low cost, arbitrarily large-area block copolymer lithography, synergistically integrating the two principles of graphoepitaxy and epitaxial self-assembly. Graphoepitaxy morphology composed of highly aligned lamellar block copolymer film that self-assembled within a disposable photoresis…
We present the first systematic {\em ab initio} study of anti-ferrodistortive (AFD) order in Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases of strontium titanate, Sr$_{1+n}$Ti$_n$O$_{3n+1}$, as a function of both compressive epitaxial strain and phase number $n$. We find all RP phases to exhibit AFD order under a significant range of…
We report on a quantitative investigation of the spin-dependent quasiparticle lifetimes and electron correlation effects in ferromagnetic hcp Co(0001) by means of spin and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The experimental spectra are compared in detail to state-of-the-art many-body calculations within the dy…
We present a first-principles study of the electronic structures and properties of ideal (atomically sharp) ${\text{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\text{SrTiO}}_{3}(001)$ heterointerfaces and their variants such as a different class of quantum well systems. We demonstrate the insulating-to-metallic transition as a function of the ${\te…
The dynamics of phase field crystal (PFC) modeling is derived from dynamical density functional theory (DDFT), for both single-component and binary systems. The derivation is based on a truncation up to the three-point direct correlation functions in DDFT, and the lowest order approximation using scale analysis. The c…
The Fermi energies of electrons and holes and their densities in different graphene layers (GLs) in the $n$ and $p$ regions of the electrically induced $n\text{\ensuremath{-}}i\text{\ensuremath{-}}p$ junctions formed in multiple-GL structures are calculated both numerically and using a simplified analytical model. The…
Transparent Ag and Eu(3+) co-doped oxyfluoride glasses with composition 50SiO(2)-20Al(2)O(3)-30CaF(2) were prepared by melt-quenching technique. The structural and luminescent properties of glasses, energy transfer mechanism between luminescent centers were systematically investigated. The missing nanoparticles signal…
Using scanning tunneling microscopy with Fe-coated W tips and first-principles calculations, we show that the interface of epitaxial graphene/SiC(0001) is a warped graphene layer with hexagon-pentagon-heptagon (H(5,6,7)) defects that break the honeycomb symmetry, thereby inducing a gap and states below E(F near the K…
Nanoparticles with concentric layered structures were generated from a lamellae-forming poly(styrene- b -isoprene) diblock copolymer using controlled precipitation from a tetrahydrofuran/water mixture. Chloroform, a good solvent for both blocks, was used to swell and anneal the nanoparticles suspended in aqueous media…
Dissolution is an important process that alters nanoparticle abundance and properties. Here we used EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) to dissolve ZnS nanoparticles and develop a predictive model for the effects of particle size and pH on nanoparticle reactivity. Synchrotron in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (S…
High quality electron-doped HTSC single crystals of $\rm Pr_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4+δ}$ and $\rm Nd_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4+δ}$ have been successfully grown by the container-free traveling solvent floating zone technique. The optimally doped $\rm Pr_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4+δ}$ and $\rm Nd_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4+δ}$ crystals have transition…
The existence of a well-defined yield stress, where a macroscopic crystal begins to plastically flow, has been a basic observation in materials science. In contrast with macroscopic samples, in microcrystals the strain accumulates in random bursts, which makes controlled plastic formation difficult. Here we study by 2…
We report a breakthrough in the search for versatile diffractive elements for cold neutrons. Nanoparticles are spatially arranged by holographical means in a photopolymer. These grating structures show remarkably efficient diffraction of cold neutrons up to about 50% for effective thicknesses of only 200 micron. They…
A number of intriguing properties emerge upon the formation of the epitaxial interface between the insulating oxides LaAlO3 and SrTiO3. These properties, which include a quasi two-dimensional conducting electron gas, low temperature superconductivity, and magnetism, are not present in the bulk materials, generating a…
Different imaging modes of low temperature laser scanning microscopy (LTLSM) have been applied to probe local optical and superconducting properties, as well as the spatial variations in thermoelectric and electronic (both dc and rf) transport, in a YBa_2Cu_3O_6.95 /LaAlO_3 (YBCO/LAO) superconducting microstrip resona…
When designing and studying circuits operating at cryogenic temperatures understanding local heating within the circuits is critical due to the temperature dependence of transistor and noise behavior. We have investigated local heating effects of a CMOS ring oscillator and current comparator at T=4.2K. In two cases, t…
By combining density functional theory and lattice phonon dynamics, the thermodynamic properties of CO(2) absorption/desorption reactions with alkaline earth metal oxides MO and hydroxides M(OH)(2) (where M=Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba) are analyzed. The heats of reaction and the chemical potential changes of these solids upon CO(2…
The effect of biomaterial topography on healing in vivo and monocyte/macrophage stimulation in vitro was assessed. A series of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) materials were characterized by increasing average intranodal distance of 1.2 μm (1.2-ePTFE), 3.0 μm (3.0-ePTFE), and 4.4 μm (4.4-ePTFE), but presented…
Cartilage tissue engineering based on cultivation of immature chondrocytes in agarose hydrogel can yield tissue constructs with biomechanical properties comparable to native cartilage. However, agarose is immunogenic and nondegradable, and our capability to modify the structure, composition, and mechanical properties…
A systematic investigation of a series of magnesium-calcium binary alloys is presented to reveal the influence of increasing calcium (Ca) additions on the in vitro degradation of magnesium (Mg). Because of its prevalence in structural tissues, Ca is among the most biologically viable additions to orthopedic-intended M…