Materials Literature
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Spot on! Resonant scattering enables accurate localization of the individual cations in powders by the routine use of “anomalous differential patterns” and “dispersive difference maps” (see picture), as demonstrated for (Sr,Rb) zeolite X, a sample of potential industrial interest.
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol), a very important drug, is typically synthesized by the isopropylation of phenol over an acid catalyst. This process consists of two series reactions, namely, the formation of 2-isopropylphenol and its further isopropylation to 2,6- and 2,4-diisopropylphenols. The selectivity to 2,6-di…
A new tomographic technique, based on synchrotron X-ray diffraction, has been used to chart polymorphic content and crystallite alignment inside a model pharmaceutical reactor. This reveals complex behavior according to crystallite shape/size characteristics; in particular, stirring induces pronounced crystal zonation…
Abstract The elastic properties of cristobalite and quartz, the typical polymorphs of SiO 2 , are studied with particular emphasis on the structural phase transition and the high‐temperature phase. Using the equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) method with a stress‐fluctuation formula, we have successfully evaluated th…
The adsorption and reaction of methanol (CH(3)OH) on stoichiometric (TiO(2)-terminated) and reduced SrTiO(3)(100) surfaces have been investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and first-principles density-functional calculations. Methanol adsorbs mostly nondisso…
Abstract The molecular structures of methacryl‐grafted polysiloxane resins from 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPTS) and diphenylsilanediol (DPSD) were determined by theoretical computation and experimental measurement. The molecular structures obtained from theoretical computation coincided well with those f…
Abstract Monte Carlo simulations of two three‐dimensional hard‐body models, hard dimers and hard cyclic trimers, were performed in the NpT ensemble. The Poisson's ratio was determined for degenerate crystalline phases in both systems. In contrast to the results of analogous simulations in two‐dimensions, positive valu…
We studied the microstructure of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ∕La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 superlattices grown on (001)MgO substrates by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The superlattices show two different epitaxial growths. In addition different types of interfaces between the layers were found. Moreover, several kinds of stacki…
Wire-like crystals of tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF–TCNQ) charge-transfer complexes were grown under a static electric field by employing electric-field assisted evaporation. TTF–TCNQ molecular wires grew from the edges of two gold electrodes opposite to each other along the electric lines of force,…
The valence band structure of the ( ) surface of wurtzite ZnO has been investigated by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy utilizing polarized synchrotron radiation. The energetic position and the dispersion width of the O 2p dangling-bond (DB) state are determined along the high symmetry axes of the surface Bri…
More than the sum of its parts: A simple synthetic procedure yields a bimodal nanosponge based on FePt cores and ZnS branches (see picture). Sequential addition of sulfur and Zn(acac)2 into a colloidal solution of FePt nanoparticles (≈2.5 nm) provides a template-free route to a spongelike nanonetwork. Besides preservi…
Synthetic routes to salts of the 3H-naphtho[1,2-d][1,2,3]dithiazolylium cation and its three selenium-containing variants (SSeN, SeSN, and SeSeN) are described. The most efficient and general method involves the intermediacy of bis-acetylated aminothiolates and aminoselenolates. These reagents react smoothly with sulf…
Abstract Aim To interpret the unimodal relationship between diatom species richness and lake pH within the context of the evolutionary species pool hypothesis (SPH). We test the following primary prediction arising from the SPH: the size of the potential species pool (PSP) will increase along a gradient representing t…
In some bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, the addition of L-glutamate to dihydropteroate (dihydrofolate synthetase activity) and the subsequent additions of L-glutamate to tetrahydrofolate (folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) activity) are catalyzed by the same enzyme, FolC. The crystal structure of E. coli FolC is…
Pulse voltammetry and ac impedance spectroscopy were used to study the lithium ion kinetics at a lithium ion insertion electrode consisting of Li4/3Ti5/3O4 thin films in an organic electrolyte. In the cyclic voltammogram, two redox peaks appeared at around 1.56 V vs Li/Li+ due to the insertion and extraction of lithiu…
This study reports a direct route for deposition of Pd nanoclusters on single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) in a one step reaction involving chemical reduction of metal ions in the presence of a polymer-stabilizer. The applied strategy provides small Pd nanoclusters with an average diameter of approximately 2.3 nm r…
Abstract We have studied thermal expansion and contraction of polystyrene thin film supported on silicon substrate using X‐ray reflectivity and inelastic neutron scattering techniques. In annealing experiments, we found fast and very slow contraction processes in the thin films above the glass transition temperature.…
This paper adopts the Tersoff-Brenner many-body potential function to perform molecular dynamics simulations of the tensile and fatigue behaviors of hypothetical silicon-based tubular nanostructures at various temperatures, strain rates, and vacancy percentages. The tensile test results indicate that with a predicted…
The excited-state properties of the layered La[Ag(CN)(2)](3) and La[Au(CN)(2)](3) systems have been examined and compared with mixed-metal systems of varying metal ratios such as La[Ag(0.78)Au(0.22)(CN)(2)](3), La[Ag(0.55)Au(0.45)(CN)(2)](3), La[Ag(0.33)Au(0.67)(CN)(2)](3), and La[Ag(0.19)Au(0.81)(CN)(2)](3). We have…
The interaction forces between layers of the triblock copolymer Pluronic F108 adsorbed onto hydrophobic radio frequency glow discharge (RFGD) thin film surfaces and hydrophilic silica, in polymer-free 0.15 M NaCl solution, have been measured using the atomic force microscope (AFM) colloid probe technique. Compression…