Materials Literature
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Medical procedures, for example, laser angioplasty and extracorporeal lithotripsy as well as high-energy trauma expose human tissues to shock waves (SWs) that may cause tissue injury. The mechanisms for this injury, often affecting blood vessel walls, are poorly understood. Here we sought to…
The low-temperature liquid-liquid phase separation of the partially miscible hexane-nitrobenzene mixture imbibed in porous glasses of different pore sizes from 7 to 130 nm has been studied using 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) cryoporometry and pulse field gradient NMR methods. The mixture was quenched below both…
Abstract Damage to poly(vinylidene fluoride) was studied under uniaxial tension testing at different temperatures and strain rates. A satisfactory accuracy was reached with an original procedure for the assessment of the principal strains and volume strain. The semicrystalline polymer exhibited an increase in the volu…
Lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals with a particle size of 3.3 ± 0.7 nm have been synthesized in a poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) coating on fused silica glass substrates. The coating was dip-coated from a PVA aqueous solution, in which PbS nanocrystals were precipitated and stabilized in the polymer matrix. Third-order nonlin…
Abstract In the present study, blends of starch with different thermoplastics were prepared by a melt blending technique. The tensile properties and morphology of the blends were measured. It was found that with increasing starch content in starch/ionomer blends, the tensile strength and modulus increase. But for star…
We investigate the collective behavior of orbital angular momentum in the spin ferromagnetic state of a Mott insulator with t(2g) orbital degeneracy. The frustrated nature of the interactions leads to an infinite degeneracy of classical states. Quantum effects select four distinct orbital orderings. Two of them have a…
Neutron scattering was used to determine the spin structure and the magnon spectrum of the Mott-Hubbard insulator YTiO3. The magnetic structure is complex, comprising substantial G-type and A-type antiferromagnetic components in addition to the predominant ferromagnetic component. The magnon spectrum, on the other han…
Particles suspended in a nematic liquid crystal exhibit characteristic dipolar and Saturn-ring configurations. Using results on the magnetic-field behavior of these configurations, we explain the recent observation of the Saturn-ring defect in confined geometries based on the idea that a confining geometry and a magne…
Monte Carlo and theoretical studies of thin 3D films of biaxial and uniaxial nematics with tangential boundary conditions show distinct differences in structure and evolution of topological defects. In the uniaxial films, defects of strength k=+/-1 are point defects that bear no bulk singularity and disappear by annih…
Abstract Fibers of poly(lactic acid) produced by two‐step melt spinning have been studied. The morphology is elucidated with respect to the thermal and mechanical properties of fibers produced at cold‐draw ratios of 1–8. With atomic force microscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering, a fibrillar morphology is found, wi…
Abstract Fibers of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) produced by two‐step melt spinning have been studied. The PLA resins used contain a 96:04 ratio of L:D stereochemical centers; however, one of the materials is branched by a peroxide treatment. The thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of the fibers are compared f…
We report extensive simulation studies of phase behavior in single component systems of particles interacting via a core-softened interparticle potential. Two recently proposed examples of such potentials are considered; one in which the hard core exhibits a shoulder [Sadr-Lahijany et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4895 (1…
Poly( l -lactide- co -glycolide) (PLLAGA) copolymers and poly( dl -lactide) (PDLLA) were synthesized using the low toxicity compound zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate. Blends with synthetic atactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (a-PHB) were prepared in film form by solvent casting. The solid-state properties of the plain polyme…
Abstract Blends of poly( L ‐lactic acid)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐ co ‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PLLA/PHBV), both semicrystalline polymers, were prepared in different compositions (100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 20/80, and 0/100) and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC…
Abstract Nucleating agents with an ≈6.5 Å lattice parameter induced the α phase of isotactic polypropylene (iPP, α‐iPP). A 6.5 Å periodicity is also involved in the nucleating agents for the β phase of iPP (β‐iPP). The similarity in substrate periodicities suggests that some nucleating agents may induce either the α o…
A monoclinic phase was recently discovered near the morphotropic phase boundary in several high-performance piezoelectric perovskite solid solutions, but its properties have not been reported. In this paper the dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the monoclinic Pm phase in the $(1\ensuremath{-}x…
It has been shown in recent experiments that electronic transport through a gold monatomic nanowire is dissipative above a threshold voltage due to excitation of phonons via the electron-phonon interaction. We address that data by computing, via density functional theory, the zone boundary longitudinal phonon frequenc…
We represent the results of quantum chemical calculations of boron nitride nanotubes intercalated by alkali and alkali-earth metall atoms and its ions. It was obtained that unpair spins were localized on seperated metal atoms. So we propose to construct the two-qubit cells on the basis of infilled boron nitride nanotu…
A prototype of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) was fabricated with crossed-anisotropy of magnetic layers on either side of the tunnelling barrier layer. It is demonstrated that the introduction of crossed-anisotropy results in smaller switching fields and better sw…
Scanning Probe Microscopy is used to study and quantify the nanoscale electric phenomena in the two classes of oxide systems, namely transport at electroactive grain boundaries and surface behavior of ferroelectric materials. Scanning Impedance Microscopy is developed to study the capacitance and local C-V characteris…