Materials Literature
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The origin of electrical property distribution on the substrate surface of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films prepared by magnetron sputtering is reported. When the films were prepared on substrates at the same temperature with the same deposition rate under optimized sputter deposition and target preparation conditions, the mi…
Molecular-dynamics simulations of molten and gaseous NaCl are used to probe the entire range of screening behaviors including weakly and strongly-coupled regimes as well as the transition between them. Our simulations confirm that, in accordance with the Debye–Hückel theory, in the weakly-coupled regime (corresponding…
The paper presents the analysis of iron loss in interior permanent magnet synchronous motor over a wide-speed range of constant output power operation. The analysis is based on finite element method and uses the information on local flux density variation in the motor components. The total iron loss is calculated by s…
We present a new model for the physics of thresholdless switching in chiral smectics. In the limit of high polarization, the electro-optics of chiral smectic C liquid crystals are dominated by two distinct electrostatic effects. Complete (surface to surface) 'stiffening' of the polarization field by its charge self-in…
An advanced deposition technique known as glancing angle deposition (GLAD) [K. Robbie, J. C. Sit, and M. J. Brett, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 16, 1115 (1998); K. Robbie and M. J. Brett, U.S. Patent No. 5,866,204 (filed 1999)] has been used to fabricate periodic arrays of magnetic pillars and randomly seeded magnetic heli…
A technique for fabricating nonspherical colloidal particles using photolithography has been developed. The particles are plate shaped and their profile within the plane of the plate is defined by a lithography mask and so can be any form desired. The thickness of the particles can also be controlled by varying the am…
The influence of the concentration of poloxamer 407, the pH and the temperature on the gelation of silk fibroin (SF) were studied. It was found that the gelation of SF occurred in the presence of poloxamer at pH value of 7.0 while gelation of SF itself did not occur. The gelation time of SF was shortened with increasi…
Semifluorinated alkanes, R F R H , have a perfluorocarbon and a hydrocarbon segment in the molecule. R F R H are physically, chemically and physiologically inert, colorless, laser stable liquids with substantially reduced densities - between 1.1 and 1.7 g/cm 3 - and very low surface and interface tensions. R F R H are…
We demonstrate control of gelation kinetics in formation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels by enzymatic cross-linking. A predictive model for gelation kinetics based on macromer structure and composition, stoichiometric ratios of reactants, cross-linking enzyme concentration, and the underlying kinetics of enzy…
The dynamical behavior of Cl - and H 2 O molecules in the interlayer and on the (001) surface of the Ca-aluminate hydrate hydrocalumite (Friedel’s salt) over a range of temperatures from -100 to 300 °C was studied using isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics computer simulations. This phase is currently the best avail…
In this study, potentiodynamic polarization scans, potentiostatic scratch tests, and modified American Society for Testing and Materials F746 tests were carried out in simulated body fluids on commercial orthodontic wires made of different classes of materials and on titanium used as a reference. The stability of pass…
Mechanism of initiation and propagation in polymerization of ϵ-caprolactone and L,L-dilactide induced with tin(II) octoate (Sn(Oct)2) and Sn(Oct)2/n-butyl alcohol system is presented. Tin(II) alkoxide bond formation is required in reaction of Sn(Oct)2 with hydroxyl group containing compound to form a true initiator. T…
The competition between viscous spreading of a liquid on a substrate and its absorption by a dry porous substrate is studied in two dimensions. The effect of capillary suction into the pores vies with contact-line slip on the substrate to determine the lifetime of the drop.
We report a detailed experimental study of the superlattice structures formed in dense binary mixtures of hard-sphere colloids. The phase diagrams observed depend sensitively on the ratio alpha=R(S)/R(L) of the radii of the small (S) and large (L) components. Mixtures of size ratio alpha=0.72, 0.52, 0.42, and 0.39 are…
Recent advances in liposome technology have shown promise relative to the introduction of chemotherapeutic agents with reduced toxicity, extended longevity, and potential for cell-specific targeting. In this study we report the engineering of a liposomal delivery system for the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. The s…
A systematic study of the influence of generation number on the phase behavior of LC dendrimers is presented. For this purpose, phase behaviors and structures of first to fifth generations of liquid crystalline (LC) carbosilane dendrimers with 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 terminal cyanobiphenyl groups were investigated. Inv…
The expression of stable recombinant human collagen requires an expression system capable of post-translational modifications and assembly of the procollagen polypeptides. Two genes were expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce both propeptide chains that constitute human type I procollagen. Two addi…
Low-k Si–O–C–H composite films were prepared using bis-trimethylsilylmethane as a precursor and oxygen in a rf plasma reactor. The growth rate of the Si–O–C–H composite film followed a second-order exponential decay function. This behavior could be explained by the formation of nanosized voids due to Si–CH3 and OH-rel…
Spiro-containing organic charge transport materials such as the one shown in the Figure are investigated by these authors. Based on detailed temperature and field-dependent mobility studies it is shown that high mobility is preserved upon dimerization via the spiro center. Exceptional thermal stability of the amorphou…
Hexokinase is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, catalyzing the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to glucose to form glucose 6-phosphate and ADP. Two yeast hexokinase isozymes are known, namely PI and PII. The crystal structure of yeast hexokinase PII from Saccharomyces cerevisiae without substrate or c…