Materials Literature
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The structural and optical properties of thin lead oxide films were studied. Thin films were prepared by reactive dc magnetron sputtering of lead (Pb) targets in an Ar/O2 mixture. The structure has been determined by x-ray diffraction measurements, which show that crystalline lead oxide films of different composition…
Abstract Polymer blending is useful for improving physical properties. Blends of transparent polymers are generally hazy. However, transparency is required in many products such as packages (especially PET bottles). The miscible blends, PET (polyethylene terephthalate)/PBT (polybuthylene terephthalate), maintain trans…
Microstructure and thermomechanical properties of polylactides (PLA) with different optical purity (OP) of the lactate units were studied in detail. Thermal analysis by DSC revealed that the melting (Tm) and glass transition (Tg) temperatures of PLA can be simulated by the theoretical equations of Flory and Fox, respe…
Presented is the effect of using various cladding materials with different conductivities and dielectric constants on the applied voltage for optoelectronic (OE) devices based on nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers. Using a conductive polymer, we have demonstrated a 3 to 13 times increase in the effective electro-optic (…
Twisted multiwalled carbon-nanotube (MWCNT) ribbons were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Particularly one cantilevered MWCNT ribbon had a twist present in the freestanding segment. An energetics analysis was presented supporting the hypothesis that twists in MWCNT ribbons are stabilized through more fa…
Eleven different cyanobacteria were investigated with respect to their capabilities to synthesize poly-3-hydroxybutyrate [poly(3HB)] and the type of poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) synthase accounting for the synthesis of this polyester. Several methods, including (i) Southern blot analysis using a phaC-specific…
A theoretical approach is adopted in this paper based on the existing literature in order to present an explicit relationship between the strengths of fibers and yarns. This provides a relatively simple method for quick estimation of staple yarn strength, while avoiding some limitations of an empirical method. The CV…
Abstract In an attempt to obtain solidified ionic liquids a cholesterol-based gelator has been applied to gelation of these liquids. By addition of a small amount of low molecular-weight gelator 1, ionic liquids such as N,N′-dialkyl-substituted imidazolium ions and N-alkyl pyridinium ions are easily gelated to give th…
In this article we report on the fabrication of 100 nm pitch gratings over a large area (∼10 cm2) using a simple, low-cost, fast process. This method includes (1) generation of the grating pattern using interferometric lithography and spatial frequency doubling and (2) pattern replication using nanoimprint lithography…
Two-dimensional periodic structures were fabricated upon a fluorine-doped SiO(2) film in which the fluorine content changed gradually in the direction of film thickness. The films were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition. The film was periodically patterned into a 1-mum period and an ~1-mum -groove…
Open reading frame YJL071W of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was shown to be ARG2 and identified as the structural gene for acetylglutamate synthase, first step in arginine biosynthesis. The three Ascomycete acetylglutamate synthases characterized to date appear homologous, but unlike the other enzymes of the yeast arginine…
An artifical seed crystal material consisting of calcium silicate hydrate (5CaO x 6SiO2 x 5H2O : tobermorite crystals) applicable for phosphorus removal by crystallization was developed. Card-house shaped tobermorite crystals were developed on the seed material where orthophosphate crystallized as a calcium phosphate.…
Previous studies have provided unequivocal evidence for the symmetry of beta-endosulfan and the corresponding asymmetry of alpha-endosulfan; the conversion of beta-endosulfan to alpha-endosulfan was identified. In this study, evidence from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) ex…
Examination of sediment samples from oligo-and dystrophic ponds, lakes and streams in Papua New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand revealed a hitherto unknown diversity of the diatom genus Actinella Lewis. Six new species are proposed, viz. Actinella aotearoaia sp. nov., A. giluwensis sp. nov., A indistincta sp. nov.,…
We report results obtained from polarization measurements on PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 single crystal under static electric field, in both field cooling and field switching after zero field cooling processes. In the field cooling process, two kinds of regime are observed depending on the field strength, i.e., above and below thr…
The atomic structure and the chemistry of basal ‐ plane inversion boundaries in Sb 2 O 3 ‐doped ZnO were investigated using quantitative transmission electron microscopy techniques. Electron microdiffraction and high ‐ resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the orientation of the polar c ‐a…
A vacuum swing adsorption process using 4A zeolite pellets with five steps was designed to split an equimolar mixture of propylene/propane. The equimolar feed of C 3 is diluted to 50% with nitrogen at 5 bar and 423 K, and the product is obtained when the total pressure is lowered to 0.1 bar. After 15 cycles, cyclic st…
Ac linear and nonlinear susceptibilities, χ0 and χ2, of ferrimagnetic FeCr2S4 single crystals were measured in the temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K for different driving ac and applied dc magnetic fields in the frequency range of 10−1–103 Hz. For high driving ac fields the real part of χ0 exhibits a cusp at around…
We have investigated the electron density profiles normal to the substrate of 20−80 nm thick films of stereoregular poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) spin-cast on silicon wafers by X-ray reflectometry. The reflectivity curves were analyzed using a least-squares procedure based on the distorted-wave Born approximation t…
Abstract The electrical and mechanical behaviors of carbon black‐filled. Poly(vinyl acetate) latex‐based polymer composites were examined. These composites were found to exhibit percolation thresholds in electrical conductivity near 2 vol% carbon black due to their segregated microstructures. Storage modulus and ultim…