Materials Literature
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Diatoms produce diverse three-dimensional, regular silica structures with nanometer to micrometer dimensions and hold considerable promise for biological or biomimetic fabrication of nanostructured materials and devices. The unique hierarchical porous structure of diatom frustules is in particular attractive for membr…
The effect of grain size on the susceptibility of martensitic steels to hydrogen-related failure has been examined with respect to the role of the hydrogen concentration and lattice defects acting as hydrogen trap sites. Plastic straining increased the hydrogen absorption capacity, but annealing at 250°C after straini…
The detection and identification of chemical warfare agents is an important analytical goal. Herein, it is demonstrated that 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (half-mustard, CEES) can be successfully analysed using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A critical component in this detection system is the fabrication o…
We have investigated the structures of mesostructured (before calcination) and mesoporous (after calcination) silica thin films and replicated Pt nanowires by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). Highly ordered lamellar, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal, and three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal mesostructur…
Increasing resistivity of copper with scaling and rising demands on current density requirements are driving the need to identify new wiring solutions for deep nanometer scale VLSI technologies. Metallic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising candidates that can potentially address the challenges faced by copper and th…
Cellulose has been shown to demonstrate negative diamagnetic anisotropy, and cellulose nanocrystals dispersed in water form a stable chiral nematic liquid crystal phase above a critical concentration. We review some consequences of these two observations when the chiral nematic phase is placed in a magnetic field. Of…
A thermoelectric converter is a solid-state heat engine in which the electron gas serves as the working fluid and converts a flow of heat into electricity. It has no moving components, is silent, totally scalable and extremely reliable. In the early 1960’s a requirement for autonomous long‐ life sources of electrical…
The β′ phase precipitated in a 95 at%Mg-5 at%Gd (Mg95Gd5) alloy aged in a peak hardness condition (at 200°C for 100 hrs) is studied by high-angle annular detector dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Atomic-scaled HAADF-STEM observations of the β′ phase can propose a new structure model w…
A comprehensive model of radiation-induced carbon contamination of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) optics is presented. The mathematical model describes the key processes that contribute to the deposition of a carbon film on a multilayer optic when the optic is exposed to EUV radiation in the presence of residual hydrocarbo…
A new electrofluorescent switch was prepared with an electroactive fluorescent tetrazine blend of polymer electrolyte; the cells contain four layers: the tetrazine polymer film, a photocured polymer electrolyte film, and two indium-tin oxide plates as the two contact electrodes.
Abstract In this study, the reinforcing potential of cellulose “microfibres” obtained from bleached softwood kraft pulp was demonstrated in a matrix of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Microfibres are defined as fibres of cellulose of 0.1–1 μm in diameter, with a corresponding minimum length of 5–50 μm. Films cast with these…
A “S−N+∼I− pathway” (S−: anionic surfactant, N+: cationic amino group and I: inorganic species) for the synthesis of mesoporous silica has been developed by using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) as a co-structure directing agent (CSDA), which can interact with the anionic head group in the surfactant (SDA). Thus sy…
A series of porphyrin or metalloporphyrin-doped mesostructured silica films were successfully fabricated using small molecular (CTAB) or macromolecular (F127, P123) surfactants as structure-directing agents, and examined for chemosensor applications to detect trace vapors of explosives such as TNT and DNT. All prepare…
We demonstrate a tunable-focus lens using a spherical glass shell and a homogeneous liquid crystal (LC) cell. The inner surface of the glass shell and the bottom surface of the LC cell are coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes while the LC layer is sandwiched between the spherical and flat ITO electrodes. When…
ZnO crystalline thin film has been deposited onto glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis method. The crystallographic structure of the film and the size of the crystallites in the film were studied by X-ray diffraction. XRD measurement shows that the film is crystallized in the wurtzite phase and presents a preferent…
Photochromic studies of diarylethenes with their switching unit linked to the surface of gold nanoparticles via a conjugated aromatic spacer show linker-dependent switching behavior.
Water-soluble lanthanide-doped LaF3 nanocrystals were synthesized using a simple method carried out in aqueous solution at low temperature. The nanocrystals have a nearly spherical shape and an average size of below 30 nm. They consisted of well crystallized hexagonal phases. The luminescence quantum efficiency was ab…
This paper described a series of trimeric halogen bonded supramolecular thermotropic liquid crystals. The halogen bonding interaction was studied by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was observed that the aromatic skeleton infrared vibration of halogen bonded acceptor molecules had moved to higher freq…
A family of bis(iso-propoxide) titanium(IV) complexes supported by tetradentate Schiff base (salen) ligands has been synthesised and characterised, including a structural determination of N,N'-bis(6'-methylenimino-2',4'-di-tert-butylphenoxy)cyclohexyl-(1R,2R)-diamino titanium(IV) bis(iso-propoxide). Their suitability…
The suitability of cerium dibutylphosphate ͓Ce͑dbp͒ 3 ͔ as a corrosion inhibitor for AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy in sodium chloride aqueous solutions has been investigated.Weight loss tests combined with electrochemical assessment have been used to evaluate the degree of protection and determine the inhibition characteri…