Materials Literature
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A rate-independent dislocation and defect density-based evolution model is presented that captures the pre- and post-yield material behavior of fcc metals subjected to different doses of neutron radiation. Unlike previously developed phenomenological models, this model is capable of capturing the salient features of i…
Structures of layered metal hydroxides are not well described by traditional crystallography. Total scattering from a synthesis-controlled subset of these materials, as described here, reveals that different cobalt coordination polyhedra cluster within each layer on short length scales, offering new insights and appro…
The A2BO4 spinel oxides are distinguished by having either a normal (N) or an inverse (I) distribution of the A, B cations on their sublattices. A point-ion electrostatic model parametrized by the oxygen displacement parameter u and by the relative cation valencies Z{A} vs Z{B} provides a simple rule for the structura…
We present an experimental and theoretical study of liquid ${\text{As}}_{2}{\text{Te}}_{3}$. This alloy exhibits a negative thermal expansion (NTE) in a 250 K range above the melting temperature ${T}_{m}=654\text{ }\text{K}$. We evidence the changes in ${\text{As}}_{2}{\text{Te}}_{3}$ structure by measuring neutron-di…
Macroscopic physical properties of the novel layered superconducting system ${\text{Fe}}_{1+\ensuremath{\delta}}{\text{Te}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Se}}_{x}$ were investigated by means of magnetic-susceptibility, electric resistivity, and heat-capacity measurements. In addition to the substitution effect of the Te si…
The doping dependence of the occupied $3d$ states at the Mn sites of ${\text{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Sr}}_{1+x}{\text{MnO}}_{4}$ ($x=0$, 0.3, and 0.5) was studied by means of nonresonant hard x-ray emission spectroscopy. For the single-crystalline samples, we observe a linear dichroism of the $\text{Mn}\text{ }K…
Magnetic properties of thin composite films, consisting of non-interacting polystyrene-coated γ-Fe(2)O(3) (maghemite) nanoparticles embedded into polystyrene-block-polyisoprene P(S-b-I) diblock-copolymer films are investigated. Different particle concentrations, ranging from 0.7 to 43 wt%, have been used. The magnetiz…
Measurements of electrical resistivity $(\ensuremath{\rho})$, dc magnetization $(M)$, and specific heat $(C)$ have been performed on layered oxide ${\text{Li}}_{x}{\text{CoO}}_{2}$ $(0.25\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.99)$ using single-crystal specimens. The $\ensuremath{\rho}$ versus temperature $(T)$ curve for $…
Properties of alkaline-earth-filled skutterudite antimonides based on Fe and Ni are studied using first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory. We find heavy conduction bands and a light-band-heavy-band mixture in the valence bands. The thermopower at high temperature is high for high carrier concentra…
Unique properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be achieved by manipulating their geometries. However, it is not known if the shapes and sizes of AuNPs can be modulated in planta. Here, we evaluated the accumulation of gold across taxonomically diverse plant species (alfalfa, cucumber, red clover, ryegrass, sunflo…
A frequently employed boundary condition for H permeation of membranes is p down ≈ 0 and, for this case, the flux is given by J = ( KD H / d ) p up n, where K is a constant and d is the membrane thickness. Values of n can then be obtained from slopes of plots of ln J against ln p up . When the H solution is ideal, n =…
Conductive plastics are attracting more and more interest in electronics due to their light weight and inability to rust, which are common problems associated with metals. The field of conducting plastics is not new. Much work has been done to impart electrical conductivity to mechanically strong polymers such as poly…
We perform lattice Monte Carlo simulation using the bond-fluctuation model to examine the conformation and dynamic properties of a single small flexible ring polymer in the matrix of linear chains as functions of the degree of polymerization of the linear chains. The average conformation properties as gauged by the me…
Various fundamental properties of acoustic cavitation bubbles have been investigated in single- and dual-frequency sound fields. It was found that the relative extent of bubble coalescence in the dual-frequency field correlated strongly with the synergistic enhancement of the sonochemical reaction rates. Both the rela…
A series of hexagonal mesoporous germanium semiconductors with tunable wall thickness is reported. These nanostructures possess uniform pores of 3.1-3.2 nm, wall thicknesses from 1.3 to 2.2 nm, and large internal BET surface area in the range of 404-451 m(2)/g. The porous Ge framework of these materials is assembled f…
This paper sets forth several refinements in the anhysteretic characterization and permeability modeling of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials. The refinements are focused on reducing the engineering time required to carry out the characterization and to make the magnetization and permeability functions numeric…
Starting from the conformationally unconstrained compound 3,5-di-(2-bromophenoxy)-4,4-difluoro-8-(4-methylphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (1), two BODIPY dyes (2 and 3) with increasingly rigid conformations were synthesized in outstanding total yields through palladium catalyzed intramolecular benzofuran formati…
We report on coupled electron-hole transfer, Coulomb drag, in CdSe/CdS semiconductor nanotetrapods. We demonstrate that photoexcited holes can either be transferred to the CdSe core or become trapped in one of the CdS arms. By combining time-resolved pump-probe and photoluminescence measurements we investigate how the…
The ductile fracture mechanism in a fine-grained magnesium alloy has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy-focused ion beam techniques. In coarse-grained or conventional magnesium alloys, twins form at the very beginning of the deformation process, and crack propagation occurs through the twin boundari…
A phase field model is developed in this paper to study the influences of oxygen vacancies on domain evolutions under electric field in ${\text{BaTiO}}_{3}$ single crystal. The oxygen vacancies are modeled as defect dipoles, enabling the capture of domain memory effect. Three different domain structures are studied, a…