Materials Literature
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">AISI-4140H steel has been used as articulated piston crown material in heavy-duty engines. With the driving force for reducing manufacturing cost, microalloyed steel (MAS) was identified as a low-cost material to replace 4140H steel. In order to determine the feasibility of using…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Weigth saving is more and more recommended due to future demands for low energy consumption. Especially the automotive industry continues to search as diligently as ever for ways to build lighter vehicles. Therefore, the use of light weight metals, preferably aluminum and magnesiu…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A mathematical model of the flows in honeycomb monolith was established by an equivalent continuum approach, and the commercial code STAR-CD was utilized to simulate multi-dimensional steady turbulent room airflows in catalytic converters with different configurations. In order to…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The effects of nitrogen-enriched air, supplied by an air separation membrane, on NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from a 1.9-L turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine were investigated. To enrich combustion air with more nitrogen, prototype air separation membranes were in…
Electric contacts formed on an n-type diamond film by means of the Ga ion implantation were studied. The implanted Ga contacts revealed Ohmic property at room temperature. Contact resistivity for the implanted Ga contacts formed on the diamond film with donor density of 3×1018 cm−3 was 4.8×106 Ω cm2. The value is more…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Comparisons between 1D simulations and experiments on a mini scale SiC filter are presented.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">First of all, experiments with regeneration for different loading mass and soot composition enabled us to derive an improved pressure drop…
A pressure-induced crossover from normal ferroelectric–to–relaxor behavior has been observed in single crystal [Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3]0.905(PbTiO3)0.095, or PZN-9.5% PT. Analogy with similar observations for other perovskites indicates that this crossover is a general feature of compositionally disordered soft mode ferroel…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">In Europe, where diesel engine cars enjoy widely popularity, the major diesel-engine car manufacturers have already announced that they will equip their diesel engine vehicles with DPF systems. Silicon carbide(SiC) has good fundamental properties. And the crack problem during rege…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The hatchback of Volkswagen's 3 liter car (3 l fuel consumption per 100 km) consists of an inner component of die casting magnesium (AM50) covered with an aluminum panel from the outside. This hybrid design requires a new manufacturing process: The pre-coated magnesium part will b…
BaTiO 3 shows relaxation effects when minute concentrations of Bi+3 and Fe+3 are added in varying molar ratios. Addition of Bi+3 at the A site reduces the transition maximum (Tm), whereas Fe+3 addition at the B site reduces the value of dielectric constant. Doping of Bi+3 and Fe+3 in equimolar ratios shows a positive…
Electroluminescent ZnS:Mn thin films have been codoped with KCl via an ex situ deposition and diffusion process. The brightness, efficiency, and stability of sputter deposited ZnS:Mn alternating current thin film electroluminescent devices have been greatly improved over untreated devices. Potassium chloride doping is…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum L.</i>) has supplied fiber for textiles for thousands of years. Recently, flax has been considered as a cost-effective alternative to glass in composites. New technology and separation techniques have lowered the costs to produce fibers tha…
4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]pyridine (1) has been prepared from a Wittig reaction between formyltetrathiafulvalene and 4-picolyltriphenylphosphonium chloride hydrochloride. Conversion of the pyridine moiety of 1 by reaction with methyl iodide leads to 4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide (2…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The tightening NOx and particulate matter (PM) emission standards for heavy duty diesel powered vehicles are stimulating the development of aftertreatment systems to reduce NOx and PM emissions from such vehicles. Here we present data on a new system which combines NO<sub>2&…
We have studied the effect of point defects on coherent optical phonons in ion-implanted bismuth polycrystalline films. Ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons and photogenerated carriers in the femtosecond time domain have been investigated by means of pump-probe reflectivity measurements. The dephasing rate of the A1…
Computer simulations of a model glass-forming system are presented, which study the correlation between the dynamics in real space and the topography of the potential energy landscape. This analysis clearly reveals that in the supercooled regime the dynamics is strongly influenced by the presence of deep valleys in th…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Significant improvements in exhaust emissions and engine performance in an ordinary DI diesel engine were realized with highly oxygenated fuels. The smoke emissions decreased sharply and linearly with increases in oxygen content and entirely disappeared at an oxygen content of 38…
The spontaneous formation of twins in La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO3 films below T(S) approximately 105 K is observed by a magneto-optical technique. The twins are revealed as stripes along the {110} directions where magnetization tilts out of the film plane due to the stresses in twins. Their appearance is associated with a mart…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the function and application of the preoxidation, hydrolysis and SCR catalysts individually and as a combined system for urea SCR both in model gas and engine bench tests. Using the basic system and a non-optimized urea injection strategy 45% NO<sub>x<…
SrTiO 3 has been grown epitaxially by molecular beam epitaxy on Si. The capacitance of this 110 Å dielectric film is electrically equivalent to less than 10 Å of SiO2. This structure has been used to make capacitors and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. The interface trap density between the SrTiO3 a…