Materials Literature
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A systematic investigation of the alkaline earth hydrides $\mathrm{Be}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, $\mathrm{Mg}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, $\mathrm{Ca}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, $\mathrm{Sr}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, $\mathrm{Ba}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}$, the corresponding deuterides, and their antecedent metals is reported. We calculate lattice parameters, el…
The moderately halophilic bacterium Halobacillus halophilus copes with the salinity in its environment by the production of compatible solutes. At intermediate salinities of around 1 M NaCl, cells produce glutamate and glutamine in a chloride-dependent manner (S. H. Saum, J. F. Sydow, P. Palm, F. Pfeiffer, D. Oesterhe…
What is already known about this subject • Creatinine clearance (CL) is used to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, it is known to slightly overestimate the true GFR, due to renal tubular secretion of creatinine. • During phase I‐III clinical trials, a 10–15% increase in serum creatinine has been observe…
The human arylamine N-acetyltransferases NAT1 and NAT2 play an important role in the biotransformation of a plethora of aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs. They are also able to participate in the bioactivation of several known carcinogens. Each of these enzymes is genetically variable in human populations, and polymo…
The demonstrated graphitization ability of oxides show that the simplistic view of the support playing a catalytically passive role in carbon nanotube synthesis can no longer be taken for granted. The proposed mechanisms suggest a single growth mechanism for both primary soot particles and carbon nanotubes synthesized…
Electrospun (e-spun) fiber mats of polycaprolactone (PCL; Mn = 80 000 g mol-1) with or without the presence of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (at 1% w/v based on the volume of the PCL solution) were successfully fabricated. The potential for use of these e-spun fiber mats as bone scaffolds was assessed by mouse ca…
Abstract Here, a theory of optical scattering by single‐wall carbon nanotube using modal expansion of the scattered and transmitted fields is developed. The effective‐boundary condition, derived previously using accurate quantum‐mechanical one‐electron tight‐biding approach, is employed to obtain the unknown coefficie…
Ag−hollandite nanofibers were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal process by oxidizing Mn(NO 3 ) 2 with AgMnO 4 in aqueous solution. The temperature was found to play an essential role in determining both the crystalline structure and the morphology of the Ag−hollandite materials, whereas the AgMnO 4 /Mn(NO 3 )…
Thermoelectric Bi 2 Te 3 nanotubes were synthesized using galvanic displacement of nickel nanowires. The composition of Bi 2 Te 3 nanotubes was precisely controlled by adjusting the [Bi 3+ ]/[HTeO 2 + ] ratio in the electrolyte. By combining the premagnetically assembled nickel nanowire and galvanic displacement react…
Experiments have found that the catalytic activity of Au increases sharply for supported nanoparticles smaller than $5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, while Pt exhibits the opposite behavior. Several authors, seeking to explain the nanoscale Au activity, reached conflicting conclusions, attributing it to diffe…
We report a numerical study of the rate of crystal nucleation in a binary suspension of oppositely charged colloids. Two different crystal structures compete in the thermodynamic conditions under study. We find that the crystal phase that nucleates is metastable and, more surprisingly, its nucleation free energy barri…
In this work, taking the preparation of CuS nanomaterials as an example, the multiple roles of l -cysteine in the formation of metal sulfide nanostructures were elucidated. First, the precursors captured from the initial reaction solutions were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Four…
Low-temperature transport and magnetization measurements, reported for the antiferromagnets $\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and $\mathrm{Ca}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, provide a means for distinguishing self-trapped from bound magnetic polaron (MPs) and reveal new insight into the role of impurity states on…
The propagation of guided electromagnetic waves in open elliptical metamaterial waveguide structures is investigated. The waveguide contains a negative-index media core, where the permittivity $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ and permeability $\ensuremath{\mu}$ are negative over a given bandwidth. The allowed mode spectrum for…
We present a high-pressure x-ray diffuse scattering study of the ABO$_3$ ferroelectric perovskites BaTiO_3 and KNbO_3. The well-known diffuse lines are observed in all the phases studied. In KNbO_3, we show that the lines are present up to 21.8 GPa, with constant width and a slightly decreasing intensity. At variance,…
We report high resolution transmission electron microscopy and ab initio calculation results for the defect formation in Pt nanocontacts (NCs). Our results show that there is a size limit to the existence of twins (extended structural defects). Defects are always present but blocked away from the tip axes. The twins m…
We report direct experimental evidence of room temperature spin filtering in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) containing CoFe2O4 tunnel barriers via tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) measurements. Pt(111)/CoFe2O4(111)/gamma-Al2O3(111)/Co(0001) fully epitaxial MTJs were grown in order to obtain a high quality system, c…
A spin-polarized current with the polarization perpendicular to the plane of a vortex-state disk results in renormalization of the effective damping for a given magnetization mode, and the effective damping becomes zero if the current exceeds a threshold value. The lowest threshold current corresponds to the lowest fr…
A two-field model provides a unifying framework for elasticity, lattice dynamics and electromechanical coupling in graphene and carbon nanotubes, describes optical phonons, nontrivial acoustic branches, strain-induced gap opening, gap-induced phonon softening, doping-induced deformations, and even the hexagonal graphe…
Surface microstructures of solids play a significant role in producing superhydrophobic surfaces. In the present paper, the Cassie?Baxter and Wenzel models on a rough substrate are examined from the viewpoints of geometry and energy. The result shows that if the air beneath a droplet on a sinusoidal substrate is open…