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Concrete disintegration due to an aggregate containing pirrotite
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Water-cement radio measurement tests according to Thaulow's procedure
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The Solid–Liquid Interface
Preface 1. Interfacial free energy and the y-ploy 2. The experimental determination of the solid-liquid interfacial free energy ySL 3. The structure of the solid-liquid interface 4. Non-structural views of the solid-liquid interface 5. Morphological stability 6. Dendritic growth 7. Eutectic growth 8. Mechanisms and ki…
The natural history of crystalline calcium carbonate; effect of magnesium content and salinity
Abstract Morphology of calcium carbonate crystals is controlled mainly by rate of crystallization, and Mg and Na content of the precipitating waters. Together, these factors integrate to provide important indicators of environment. Magnesium selectively poisons sideward growth of calcite; thus CaCO 3 prefers to crysta…
Coincidence-site lattices and complete pattern-shift in cubic crystals
Two interpenetrating point lattices contain under certain conditions a common sublattice, i.e. a 'coincidence-site lattice' (CSL). The present study is restricted to cubic lattices [primitive cubic (p.c.), f.c.c. and b.c.c.]. It is shown that it is necessary for the existence of a CSL that the two lattices are related…
Numerical evaluations ofN-beam wave functions in electron scattering by the multi-slice method
A method for the numerical evaluation of N-beam diffraction amplitudes and intensities which has been successfully employed over the last few years is described. This derives from the multi-slice formulation of Cowley and Moodie. The physical basis of the method and practical approaches to calculation are described.
Electrical relaxation in a glass-forming molten salt
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrical relaxation in a glass-forming molten saltF. S. Howell, R. A. Bose, P. B. Macedo, and C. T. MoynihanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1974, 78, 6, 639–648Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https…
Extinction within the limit of validity of the Darwin transfer equations. I. General formalism for primary and secondary extinction and their applications to spherical crystals
A theory of extinction is derived which is valid within the limit of the Darwin intensity transfer equations. An expression describing the effect of n-fold rescattering within an ideal crystallite is derived, which differs from the equation given by Zachariasen because independent coordinates x1 and x2 based on an ext…
Evidence for power law localization in disordered systems
Various lines of evidence are presented to show that for electrons in three-dimensional ordered systems there may be a regime intermediate between the extended states characteristic of weak disorder and the exponentially localized states characteristic of strong disorder. It is suggested that in the intermediate regim…
A comparison of adsorption and boundary lubricant failure
Abstract A comparison has been made between the reversible adsorption and the friction-reducing properties of long-chain fatty amines on stainless steel. This has shown that adsorption and lubricant failure depend on concentration of amine and temperature in a similar way. Breakdown of lubrication may therefore be ass…
The magnetic structure of magnetoelectric nickel–iodine boracite Ni3B7O13I
The structure of a nickel–iodine boracite single crystal was investigated at 77 and 6 K by means of neutron diffraction. The high temperature phase at 77 K is characterized by the space group F43c, with statistical displacements of the metal and halogen ions out of the positions 24c and 8b respectively. Below 62 K the…
Energy transfer from vanadate to rare-earth ions in calcium sulphate
It is shown that in calcium sulphate (CaSO4) associates occur existing of a vanadate group on a sulphate-group site and a trivalent rare-earth ion on a calcium site. This system shows, therefore, interesting advantages for a study of energy transfer from the vanadate group to trivalent rare-earths ions. The vanadate e…
An EPR study of W5+ in a recently discovered triclinic tungsten bronze, Na0.33WO3
A single crystal EPR study of W5+ in triclinic Na0.33WO3, a recently discovered compound, has been carried out at about 15 K and 9.2 MHz. The EPR spectrum consists of two strong resonances and several weaker resonances whose relative intensities are sample-dependent. The total W5+ concentration is approximately 1000 a…
Analysis of conflicting theories of dielectric relaxation
Two different forms have been proposed for the relation between the frequency-dependent dielectric constant of a polar substance and the autocorrelation function for the net dipole moment of a small spherical region inside the dielectric. We find that one of them is correct, while the other one describes a spherical s…
Studies in molecular dynamics. XIII. Singlet and pair distribution functions for hard-disk and hard-sphere solids
Molecular dynamics calculations have been carried out on the singlet distribution function (sdf) in hard-disk and hard-sphere solids. The dependence of the distribution function upon particle number and density and the deviations of this function from spherical symmetry are examined. The possible connection between th…
Raman study of ferric chloride solutions and hydrated melts
A Raman study of ferric chloride hexadydrate (FCHH) in 11.5M HCl solutions has shown the presence of tetrahedral FeCl4− ion as the most prominent species. An appreciable concentration of a polymeric species, which is composed of higher chloroferrate groups of the type FeCl5 · H2O, and a small concentration of lower ch…
Theory of electrical instabilities of mixed electronic and thermal origin
Switching phenomenon in amorphous semiconductors is analyzed in an electrothermal model. Current-voltage characteristics are obtained from very general mathematical considerations concerning existence, uniquencess, local and global stability, and bifurcation of solutions of the nonlinear equations for temperatures and…
First ionization potentials of some refractory oxide vapors
The ionization potentials of the gaseous atoms, monoxides, and dioxides over the refractory oxides of Ti, Zr, Hf, Th, U, Y, and La have been obtained from ionization efficiency curves and appearance potentials by electron impact. A method of simultaneous and intercomparative measurements with known standards was used.…
Study of the optic modes ofGe0.30S0.70glass by infrared and Raman spectroscopy
A study of the room-temperature infrared reflectance and Raman spectra has been made on a ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.30}$${\mathrm{S}}_{0.70}$ glass. The dominant features of the two spectra are complementary with respect to frequency, and can be understood in terms of a molecular model in which the Ge atoms are fourfold coord…