Materials Literature
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Particle suspensions are ubiquitous in our daily life, but are not well understood due to their complexity. During the last twenty years, various simulation methods have been developed in order to model these systems. Due to varying properties of the solved particles and the solvents, one has to choose the simulation…
This is the first book on the subject of room-temperature superconductivity. The main purpose of the book is twofold. First, to show that, under suitable conditions, superconductivity can occur above room temperature. Secondly, to present general guidelines on how to synthesize a room temperature superconductor. The b…
The dynamics of silica displays an Arrhenius temperature dependence, classifying silica as a strong glass-former. Using recently developed concepts to analyze the potential energy landscape, one can get a far-reaching understanding of the long-range transport of silica. It can be expressed in terms of properties of th…
Ferroelectric nanoparticles of different shapes and their nanocomposites are actively studied by modern physics. Because of their applications in many fields of nanotechnology, the size effects and the possible disappearance of ferroelectricity at a critical particle volume attract a growing scientific interest. In th…
We demonstrate that zero-field $β$-detected nuclear quadrupole resonance and spin relaxation of low energy $^8$Li can be used as a sensitive local probe of structural phase transitions near a surface. We find that the transition near the surface of a SrTiO$_3$ single crystal occurs at $T_c \sim 150$ K, i.e., 45 K high…
LaAlO3/SrTiO3 structures showing high mobility conduction have recently aroused large expectations as they might represent a major step towards the conception of all-oxide electronics devices. For the development of these technological applications a full understanding of the dimensionality and origin of the conductin…
A genetic algorithm is described that is suitable for determining the global minimum energy configurations of crystal structures and which can also be used as a polymorph search technique. This algorithm requires no prior assumptions about unit cell size, shape, or symmetry, nor about the ionic configuration within th…
We discuss ferroelectric phase transitions into single- and multidomain states in very thin films using continuous theory. It is shown that in nearly cubic ferroelectrics the domain state may survive down to atomic film thicknesses, unlike the single domain state, which is almost always unstable or metastable. This co…
$\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is the thermodynamically stable phase of ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ at room temperature. We have performed a theoretical and experimental investigation of its electronic structure using a combination of gradient corrected density func…
Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by irradiating solutions, prepared by mixing AgNO 3 and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA), with 6 MeV electrons. The electron-irradiated solutions and the thin coatings cast from them were characterized using the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron…
Various morphologies of magnesium carbonate hydrates have been synthesized by carefully adjusting the reaction temperature and pH value of the initial reaction solution in the precipitation process. At lower temperatures (from room temperature to 328 K) and lower pH values (variation with the reaction temperature), ma…
In this paper, we describe the formation and luminescence of a new garnet phosphor for light emitting diode (LED) based lighting, Lu 2 CaMg 2 (Si,Ge) 3 O 12:Ce 3+ . The regions for garnet phase formation are initially described with respect to larger rare earth substitution and show reasonable correlation to previous…
Concerns with the environmental and health risk of widely distributed, commonly used nanoparticles are increasing. Nanosize titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used in air and water remediation and in numerous products designed for direct human use and consumption. Its effectiveness in deactivating pollutants and killing micro…
The fabrication of nanostructured layer-by-layer (LbL) films strives for molecular control of the film properties directly connected with modifications in the film architecture. In the present report, the photoinduced birefringence and formation of the surface-relief gratings in LbL films obtained with an azopolymer (…
We have studied the low-temperature ordered phase of ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.5}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ by resonant soft x-ray scattering at the Mn ${L}_{2,3}$ edges. Strong resonances were observed at $(0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\frac{1}{2}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}0)$ and $(\frac{1}{2}\phantom{\r…
A rotating electrode was employed to investigate the electrodeposition of Bi2Te3 nanowires. We found that mass transport of electrolytes into alumina templates of high aspect ratio plays a significant role in determining the properties of the obtained wires since diffusion is the rate-determining mechanism of mass tra…
We have investigated the diameter dependence of the exciton luminescence linewidth in individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by means of microphotoluminescence ($\ensuremath{\mu}$-PL) spectroscopy. The line shapes of $\ensuremath{\mu}$-PL spectra for single SWNTs suspended on a patterned Si substrate at roo…
The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ of $^{1}\mathrm{H}$ in the Haldane-gap system $({\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{)}_{4}\mathrm{NNi}({\mathrm{NO}}_{2}{)}_{3}$ has been measured at the temperatures down to $50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mK}$ in the gapped and gapless phases with an external field $H$ up to $8…
A detailed theoretical investigation on the global and local structures of the Ge-Sb-Te(GST) ternary alloy system for the phase-change memory is presented. We examine the cohesive energy of the ${(\mathrm{Ge}\mathrm{Te})}_{n}{({\mathrm{Sb}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{3})}_{m}$ homologous series as well as the dependence of the…
We report on an investigation of the high-pressure, high-temperature phase diagram of InSe. We optically observed the phase transition from the rhombohedral polytype (InSe-I) to the monoclinic phase (InSe-II) and determined the phase boundary up to $10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$. High-pressure resistivity…