Materials Literature
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A simple approach is demonstrated to synthesize cubic boron nitride (c-BN) films at significantly low substrate temperature (450 °C) using ferrous oxide nanoparticles as catalyst. The catalyst helped to create reactive species of BN and transform the initially grown hexagonal boron nitride base layer into c-BN film. T…
Unusual magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy Ni50Fe23Ga27 has been observed. The anisotropy of the austenite becomes very large, even larger than that of the martensite in ribbon samples. Lowering the temperature from 300 K to 80 K, the saturation field of the austenite is dramatically increased…
We report on the effect of oxygen vacancies on the defect-related emission and the electronic properties of In 2 O 3 nanowires. The nanowires were synthesized by vapor phase transport and had diameters ranging from 80–100 nm and lengths over 10–20 μm, with a growth direction of [0 0 1]. The as-grown nanowires connecte…
A theoretical study of the core structure and composition of a hedgehog defect in a mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a second non-nematogenic component is presented. Fractionation of the components between the bulk and the defect core is rigorously considered by using solution thermodynamics. Two complementary…
Time–temperature rheological equivalence is one of the most important and broadly used concepts developed with regard to the viscoelastic behavior of polymers. In this study, we explore the generality of an analogous relationship, time–composition equivalence, in several series of ternary block copolymer/cosolvent sys…
As invisibility cloaking has recently become experimental reality, it is interesting to explore ways to reveal remaining imperfections. In essence, the idea of most invisibility cloaks is to recover the optical path lengths without an object (to be made invisible) by a suitable arrangement around that object. Optical…
Based on the coupled method of cellular automaton (CA) and finite element (FE), the solidification structure of 160×160 mm cast billet of high carbon SWRH77B steel was simulated. The nucleation density, kinetics of the dendrite tip growth, crystallographic orientation and coupling of CA and FE methods are discussed. I…
A combined differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and laser-interferometric creep rate spectroscopy (CRS) approach has been utilised to study the dynamics, thermal behaviour and elastic properties of thin films (0.05–0.10 mm) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based nanocomposites at t…
Abstract Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) investigations of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)–vapor‐grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) composites containing various amounts of VGCNFs ranging between 0 and 20 wt %. are reported. The FTIR investigations were focused on the re…
An elastic protein with a secondary structure distinct from all well-known load-bearing proteins is found in the byssus of the giant clam, Tridacna maxima . The byssus consists of a bundle of hundreds of individual threads, each measuring about about 100 μm in diameter, which exhibit a tendon-like mechanical response.…
Abstract Aminosilane, melamine and acetic anhydride treated wood flour were added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in order to process improved PVC/wood flour composites. The influence of wood treatment on water absorption and mechanical properties were evaluated. Treatments with amino‐alkyl functional oligomeric siloxane…
Monodisperse single-crystalline α-cristobalite nanospheres have been synthesized by hydrocarbon-pyrolysis-induced carbon deposition on amorphous silica aerosol nanoparticles, devitrification of the coated silica at high temperature, and subsequent carbon removal by oxidation. The nanosphere size can be well controlled…
An enhanced preferred crystalline orientation in ZnO nanorods is achieved by applying ultraviolet (UV) illumination during sample deposition. The crystal field, generated from internal charge transfer between different energy bands by carrier excitations, drives crystalline growth in a preferred orientation. This work…
Abstract The interaction of polyamide 6 (PA) with clay is studied via rheological approaches. The relationship of the effective viscosity (ηr), the clay volume fraction (ϕclay), the aspect ratio (P), and the critical volume fraction (ϕc) is built up by using the Maron‐Pierce model. The time–temperature superposition (…
Vapor-phase disproportionation of ethylbenzene (EB) to diethylbenzene (DEB) in a single step is industrially relevant. Diethylbenzene is an important raw material for the conversion of divinylbenzene monomer. Conventionally, it is prepared from diacetophenone by reduction. It is also prepared by vapor-phase alkylation…
Ferroelectric BiFeO3 (BFO) nanoparticles deposited on epitaxial substrates of SrRuO3 (SRO) and La1−xSrxMnO3 (LSMO) were studied using band excitation piezoresponse spectroscopy (BEPS), piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). BEPS confirms that the nanoparticles are ferroelectric in nat…
Uniform hard carbon spheres (HCS), synthesized by the hydrothermal decomposition of sucrose followed by pyrolysis, are effective at stabilizing water-in-trichloroethylene (TCE) emulsions. The irreversible adsorption of carbon particles at the TCE-water interface resulting in the formation of a monolayer around the wat…
The control of high-temperature fuel cell stacks is the prerequisite to guarantee maximum efficiency and lifetime under both constant and varying electrical load conditions. Especially, for time-varying electrical load demands, it is necessary to develop novel observer-based control approaches that are robust against…
Diffractionists usually place the birth of crystallography in 1912 with the first X-ray diffraction experiment of Friedrich, Knipping and Laue. This discovery propelled the mathematical branch of mineralogy to global importance and enabled crystal structure determination. Knowledge of the geometrical structure of matt…
Symmetric Ni dendritic crystals, which consist of a long main trunk and highly ordered secondary and tertiary branches, have been successfully synthesized via a simple and inexpensive electrolytic process in ethylene glycol solution. The length of the main trunk is about 10 μm, and that of each branch is about 0.5–1.5…