Materials Literature
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A class of models of Cahn-Hilliard fluids are developed by considering two incompressible non-reacting phases. The concentration of one of the phases, satisfying the classical diffusion equation, is regarded as the order parameter. The balance of energy and the entropy inequality are taken as for a single constituent…
Hemicelluloses were pre-extracted from giant bamboo with dilute H2SO4 prior to Kraft and soda AQ pulping. The reaction conditions were selected to convert most of the hemicelluloses into soluble monomeric sugars, leaving almost unaltered the cellulose and lignin from the residual solid phase. A Central Composite Desig…
Fatigue crack growth behaviour of a ferrite-pearlite steel SM490B has been investigated in hydrogen gas and air. In order to investigate the effects of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on fatigue crack growth, fatigue crack growth tests were carried out under the conditions of hydrogen pressures p=0.1, 0.4, 0.7MPa…
Nanosphere lithography (NSL) masks consisting of mono- or double-layers of polystyrene (PS) nano-beads are fabricated on silicon exploiting the self-organization of PS particles during the controlled drying of a colloidal suspension on a surface. The shape changes and shrinkage of PS sphere masks upon treatment in an…
A multitude of polymers are used to deliver desired attributes to skin and hair in personal care products. This article reviews recent trends in the use of polymers to deliver personal care attributes. Precisely constructed block and graft copolymers widen the range of available mechanical properties and compatibiliti…
Cell trafficking of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is an area of scientific inquiry that has great implications in medicine, biosensing, and environmental science and engineering. The essence of this inquiry resides in the interaction of carbon nanostructures and cell membranes, regulated by the laws of molecular cell biolog…
The effects of fly ash on the magnesium phosphate cement system, including reactivity effect, micro aggregate effect and morphology effect, were studied through macro performance test and micro analysis. By experiment design and analysis, adsorption effect of fly ash in the magnesium phosphate cement system was affirm…
The microstructures and corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide films formed on AZ31B magnesium alloy by anodizing under continuous sparking in alkaline phosphate electrolyte (Na3PO4) were investigated. Basically, voltage-current characteristic of AZ31B in Na3PO4 solution was the same to that obtained in other sodium…
貫通した孔と骨格(材料部分)から構成され，網目状の共連続構造をもつ一体型の多孔体(モノリス)は高い通気性・通液性，高強度，高比表面積，軽量といった特性を示すため，次世代型多孔材料として注目されている．本稿では高分子モノリスの作製方法と用途展開について概説する．モノリスは低分子モノマーから作製する方法と高分子から作製する方法があり，前者には重合ゲル化過程と相分離スピードを同時かつ自在にコントロールできる技術が求められ，主に分析用途で研究が展開されてきた．最近，相分離を利用して高分子溶液からモノリスを作製する技術が開発され，高分子モノリスの適用範囲が大きく拡張した．バイオマスプラスチックのモノリス化や電池材料として有力な炭素モノリスが…
A new, monospecific diatom genus, Pierrecomperia gen. nov. (typus generis P. catenuloides), is described. In addition, a new species is described in the genus Cymatosira Grunow, viz. C. minutissima. We also propose two new combinations in the genus Plagiogrammopsis Haste, von Stosch & Syvertsen, namely P. minima comb.…
Various effects on dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in organic solvent and in polymer film by means of pyrene-containing polymeric surface modifiers were investigated. Graft surface modifiers of poly(ethylene oxide) and of polystyrene with pyrene groups were synthesized by radical co-polymerization…
The inhibitory propensity of the Piper nigrum Linn. seeds for acid corrosion of aluminium alloy (AA1100) was investigated employing weight loss method. Kinetic and adsorption parameters were calculated. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increase in inhibitor concentration. The experimental data were…
Much research is currently focused on the use of starch as an industrial raw material, which can reduce dependence on non-renewable resources. Pure starches of plants includes 20 -30% of amylose, this value might become to 80% in some starches scarcely, 70-90% amylopectin, approximately 1% fat, protein and minerals. S…
The principle of this mode of combustion is to add a percentage of hydrogen gas to the combustion reactions of either compression or spark ignition engines. The addition of hydrogen has been shown to decrease the formation of NOx, CO and unburned hydrocarbons. Studies have shown that added hydrogen in percentages as l…
The Ni-Ti alloys have been used widely as functional materials, especially for the purpose of superelastic behavior or shape memory effect. It has been believed that martensitic transformation (MT) between crystals plays a major role in the phase transition behavior, but recent experimental observation shows that ther…
Advanced oxidation processes have drawn much attention in their application to wastewater treatment recently. However, it is seldom to utilize sonochemical degradation as the tool of environmental remediation. This study utilized 20 kHz ultrasonic irradiation as the mechanism of radical production. The production rate…
The effect of gallium co-doping to scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) on the phase stabilization and ionic conductivity has been investigated. A series of samples was prepared by sol–gel method and characterized the phase by X-ray diffraction. By substitution of 1–6 mol % for , the cubic phase of was stabilized at roo…
Bulk and nano sized rhombohedral NaTi2(PO4)3 belonging to NASICON family have been prepared by sol-gel method at low temperatures. The products are characterised by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman, SEM and TEM methods. The phase formation of NaTi2(PO4)3 was started at 550°C. The crystallite sizes of NaTi2(PO4)3 prepar…
The initial transient in directional solidification of Al–4wt%Cu alloy by cooling-down is investigated by numerical simulation using the phase-field model proposed by Karma (Phys. Rev. Lett., 87 (2001) 115701), which includes solute antitrapping in mass conservation relation and is solved by the adaptive finite elemen…
Abstract—A double-side radiating leaky-wave antenna based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH) coplanar-waveguide (CPW) is proposed. Dispersion diagram of the unit cell is investigated, and balanced property is confirmed. Thus, the CRLH leaky-wave antenna can have backfire radiation due to the left-handed property of…