Materials Literature
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Very stable cholesteric layers with patterned reflection colors are made by coating a monomeric cholesteric mixture on a substrate followed by photoisomerization in air to tune the reflection color and photopolymerization to stabilize the layer. The layers can be used as color filters in liquid‐crystal displays (see F…
Ultrafast pulsed laser deposition was used to successfully deposit atomically smooth 5-μm-thick As2S3 films. The as-deposited films were photosensitive at wavelengths close to the band edge (≈520 nm), and waveguides could be directly patterned into them by photodarkening using an argon-ion or frequency-doubled Nd:YAG…
Escherichia coli 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase is an iron-sulfur flavoenzyme required for the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds at even carbon positions. The enzyme contains FMN, FAD, and a 4Fe-4S cluster and exhibits sequence homology to another iron-sulfur flavoprotein, trimethylamine dehydrogenase…
Suprastructures of the extracellular matrix, such as banded collagen fibrils, microfibrils, filaments, or networks, are composites comprising more than one type of macromolecule. The suprastructural diversity reflects tissue-specific requirements and is achieved by formation of macromolecular composites that often sha…
Abstract The quality of solvents of polymers is often described in terms of the Flory χ parameter typically assumed to depend only on the temperature, T . In certain polymer‐solvent systems fitting the experimental data enforces the replacement of ( χ T ) by a concentration‐dependent χ eff . In turn, this modifies the…
P Stadelmann; Image analysis and simulation software in transmission electron microscopy, Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S03, 1 September 2003, P
The hydrogenation disproportionation desorption recombination (HDDR) process can yield highly anisotropic and coercive NdFeB-type powders with energy densities in excess of (BH)/sub max/ = 340 kJ/m/sup 3/. The elucidation of the very unusual phenomenon of texture inducement is of great scientific and technological int…
Abstract Short glass fibers were added to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood flour composites as reinforcement agents. Unnotched and notched impact strength of PVC/wood flour/glass fiber hybrid composites could be increased significantly without losing flexural properties by adding type L glass fibers and over 40% of PVC…
Abstract New polyaniline (PANI) asymmetric membranes were fabricated using a phase‐inversion technique with hexane as the coagulation bath. These membranes exhibit a dense structure with macrovoids distributed asymmetrically throughout the cross‐section. A stress–strain study demonstrated that the Young's modulus (1.4…
Abstract The alteration and transformation behaviour of montmorillonite (bentonite from Wyoming, MX-80) in low-salinity solutions (NaCl, CaCl 2 ) in the presence of metallic Fe (powder and 86461 mm plate) and magnetite powder was studied in batch experiments at 300 º C to simulate the mineralogical and chemical reacti…
Symmetric structures of laminated ceramic composites were produced by superimposing alternating layers of Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 composite prepared by tape casting. The composites were designed to have an alumina surface layer on either side. This configuration caused residual compressive stresses to be induced…
Supported metal catalysts have been used extensively in many current industrial processes. The morphology of coated metal on a support is usually an important factor affecting the efficiency of the catalyst. In this study, the investigation is focused on a photocatalytic process to coat silver clusters on titania (P-2…
Epsomite (MgSO(4).7H(2)O) and hexahydrite (MgSO(4).6H(2)O) are common minerals found in marine evaporite deposits, in saline lakes as precipitates, in weathering zones of coal and metallic deposits, in some soils and their efflorescences, and possibly on the surface of Europa as evaporite deposits. Thermodynamic prope…
(Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 )TiO 3 (BNT) is a prominent candidate for a lead‐free piezoelectric material. In this study, BNT was synthesized using the solution/sol–gel method, in which a solution of Bi 2 O 3 and Na 2 CO 3 was dissolved in HNO 3 as starting materials. The solution then was mixed with ethylene glycol and titanium te…
Abstract The equimolar reaction of calcium bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylheptane‐3,5‐dione (Htmhd) in THF yields liquid mononuclear [Ca(tmhd){N(SiMe 3 ) 2 }(THF) 3 ] ( 1 ). A similar reaction in toluene with a stoichiometric ratio of 2:3 gives the dinuclear complex [{(THF)Ca} 2 (tmhd) 2 (µ‐tmhd…
A Mathcad™ implementation of the 1997 IAPWS Industrial Formulation for steam and water properties is described. Routines are easily encoded in this environment, execute quickly and accurately, and can accept any thermodynamic units for input and output. They can be used for a wide range of thermodynamic calculations i…
The irreversible and reversible straining (superplasticity and superelasticity) of the single crystal Ni/sub 49.7/Mn/sub 29.1/Ga/sub 21.2/ sample stressed compressively under a static magnetic field up to 1 T is described and successfully modeled. The sample possesses a five-layered martensitic structure at room tempe…
ABSTRACT: Water barrier properties of various edible films: acetylated monoglycerides (AMG), dark chocolate (DC), and wheat gluten (WG) were evaluated through water sorption isotherm, diffusivity, and permeability measurements. Diffusivity and sorption isotherm were then used in a mathematical model for predicting moi…
Raman scattering on bulk As x S1− x glasses shows that vibrational modes of As4S4 monomer first appear near x = 0.38, and their concentration increases precipitously with increasing x, suggesting that the stoichiometric glass (x = 0.40) is intrinsically phase separated into small As-rich (As4S4) and large S-rich clust…
A novel approach is proposed that quantifies the influence of parameter and control implementation uncertainties upon the states and outputs of finite-time control trajectories for nonlinear lumped and distributed parameter systems. The worst-case values of the states and outputs due to model parameter uncertainties a…