Materials Literature
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Abstract ZnO films have been prepared by alternate supply of zinc acetate and H2O. A rate of film growth is nearly equal to an ideal rate expected for atomic layer epitaxy when both zinc acetate and H2O are sufficiently supplied. The morphology of ZnO films is affected by amount of zinc acetate and H2O per cycles.
ABSTRACT Diatom material from South Africa and Swaziland was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. Five new taxa are proposed: Gomphonema crocodilei, G. quasicrocodilei, G. venusta, G. latistigmata, and G. cholnokyi. Gomphonema venusta has been previously misidentified as Gomphonema clevei Fricke and G…
Revised nomenclature, a new key to the species, improved classification, diagnostic characteristics, geographic distribution and habitat of Periploca L. and its fourteen species are presented. Cyprinia Browicz is reduced to synonymy with Periploca.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNovel Photocoupling Reaction in Two-Component Crystals of Tetracyanobenzene with Benzyl CyanideYoshikatsu Ito, Sotaro Endo, and Shigeru OhbaView Author Information Department of Synthetic Chemistry & Biological Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Kyoto University, Kyoto 6…
States that duplex (austenitic/ferritic) stainless steels offer properties of interest and a cost‐effective material selection solution for plant and equipment in the pulp and paper industry. Reviews characteristics of duplex steels leading to successful long‐term applications of 22 Cr duplex and a copper containing 2…
We report on an unexpected domain of high Coulombic efficiency for electrochemical oxidation of aluminum in aqueous polysulfide solutions at high current density for the process: Al + 3OH - → Al(OH) 3 + 3e - . This high-efficiency domain, of importance to battery processes, includes aluminum oxidation in a wide range…
In most electrochemical capacitor applications it is necessary to series a set of capacitors (cells) to obtain a single capacitor capable of operating at a desired voltage. Performance modeling of these devices has proven difficult because of their nonideal behavior and the need to series a large number of equivalent…
Because of thermocapillary flow or other mechanisms, particles move in temperature and concentration gradients. In a system undergoing a first-order phase transition via nucleation and growth, such gradients are caused by particles themselves. This leads to a long-range interaction in which particles will attract or r…
The characteristics of flash-deposited and thin-film thermoelectric generators are described. The overall Seebeck coefficient for a single couple in the generator ( forming the n-type thermoelement and forming the p-type element) is . This value approaches the figures presented for these materials in bulk form. The re…
Magnesium hydroxide sulfate [2MgSO 4 .Mg(OH) 2 ; MHS] is tetragonal with a = 7.454 (1), c = 12.885 (2) Å, V = 716.0 Å 3 , space group P 4 3 2 1 2, Z = 4 and D x 2.774 g cm −3 . The structure (single-crystal X-ray, R = 0.025, wR = 0.023) comprises spiral (43) single chains of corner-shared Mg(2) octahedra cross-linked…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTAnalysis of Synthetic Polymers and RubbersP. B. Smith, A. J. Pasztor, M. L. McKelvy, D. M. Meunier, S. W. Froelicher, and F. C.-Y. WangView Author Information Analytical Sciences Laboratory, Dow Chemical U.S.A., 1897 Building, Midland, Michigan 48667 Cite this: Anal. Chem. 19…
The molecular weight distribution and the long-chain branching distribution of low-density polyethylene are predicted as a function of the synthesis conditions from a kinetic model for an autoclave reactor. The model includes initiations, propagation, termination by combination and disproportionation, and chain transf…
Iron, copper, and nickel electrodes were examined as possible metal/metal(II) chloride cathodes for the room temperature sodium/metal chloride battery in a molten salt composed of sodium chloride (NaCl), aluminum chloride , and 1‐methyl‐3‐ethylimidazolium chloride (MEIC). The iron electrode was investigated in basic,…
Using wools with different diameter characteristics, the acceptability of worsted spun single 12 gauge jersey fabric for next-to-skin wear is assessed by wearing sleeves against bare arms. This assessment is undertaken with both skilled adult judges and an unskilled group of children aged 9 to 12 years. Both groups fi…
The oxidative degradation of PMR (for olymerization of monomeric reactants) polyimides at elevated temperatures was followed by cross-polarized magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR. 13 C labeling of selected sites in the polymers allowed for direct observation of the transformations arising from oxidation processes. As o…
Abstract A method for deriving kinetic equations of decomposition of thermally unstable chemicals from isothermal DSC experiments was developed. The following steps are included in the method: collecting experimental data in the form of heat flow versus time from isothermal DSC experiments at three or four different t…
X-ray-absorption fine-structure studies of the local structure of large Pb and Sn substitutional impurities in GeTe were carried out. The local environment of these atoms in ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.9}$${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.1}$Te and ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.85}$${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.15}$Te solid solutions was shown to be strongly distorte…
Summary The fine earth (<2 mm) and rock fragments (>2 mm) fractions of two soils derived from Oligocene sandstone have been examined to assess the origin of the discrepancies between cation exchange capacity (CEC) and effective CEC (ECEC). The soils differ in terms of acidity: soil A is more acid than soil B. Wh…
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles were prepared using the Aerosol-OT (AOT)/heptane inverse-micelle method. The particle size was controlled by changing the [H 2 O]/[AOT] ratio in the preparation process to be ca. 3 nm, which was estimated from their absorption maximum ( ca. 385 nm) and absorption edge ( ca. 450 nm)…
The thermoplastics processing of natural hydrophilic polymers in the presence of water is a recent development with very wide possible applications. Eventually, oil-based polymer materials could be replaced in many applications by inexpensive, natural products from renewable resources. As with conventional thermoplast…