Materials Literature
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The concept of equilibrium potential‐pH diagrams ( E ‐pH) for two‐dimensional species adsorbed on metals is applied to the case of sulfur and oxygen adsorbed on chromium in water. Standard Gibbs energies of formation for sulfur and oxygen adsorbed on chromium are calculated from literature thermodynamic data for chemi…
Experiments near 1000 K have revealed the thermal decomposition of anisole to proceed exclusively via homolysis of the O−CH 3 bond. The anisole decay was observed to be first order even in the presence of oxygen. The distribution of reaction intermediates was virtually independent of equivalence ratio, φ ≡ ([anisole]/…
Amorphous metallic alloys, frequently observed to occur in systems with large negative heats of mixing, are much less common in systems which are immiscible in the equilibrium solid state, such as Nb–Cu. However, amorphous Nb–Cu alloys can be produced over a wide composition range by sputtering. Using isothermal and n…
The Hammerstein configuration, which includes a nonlinear static block followed by a linear dynamic block, is applied to model the rate-dependent and temperature-dependent hysteresis phenomenon. The nonlinear static block is realized by a modified Preisach model, which includes both the irreversible and reversible com…
We present a study of the fluctuations in the dissolution front observed during the formation of porous silicon, leading finally to layer thickness inhomogeneities. Two types of fluctuations were revealed, one at the millimeter scale (waviness) and the other one at the micrometer scale (roughness). Root mean square am…
The morphology and the growth pattern of calcium carbonate deposits formed on inner pipe surfaces, under turbulent flow, are studied. At temperatures below 30 °C, and for relatively high supersaturations, quite compact calcite layers are obtained, consisting of crystals growing nearly perpendicularly to the substrate…
Plate impact and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments have been conducted on three grades of silicon carbide produced by different routes. Data are presented which indicate that the failure of the materials was delayed for some time after the maximum stress had been achieved. In particular, the measured lat…
A nucleation rate function is proposed for use in analyzing the overall crystallization kinetics of polymers. This function allows for the possibility that the nucleation rate varies substantially during the crystallization. This feature is particularly useful in analyzing nonisothermal crystallization, but it can be…
Abstract Aliphatic polyesters are more or less hydrolytically degradable, depending on their chemical, configurational and morphological structures. Hydrolysis can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on many structural and environmental factors. The present understanding of this hydrolytic degradation is…
In an attempt to potentiate the therapeutic index of cytokines, recombinant mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were encapsulated in large (0.3-2.2 microns) multilamellar vesicles composed of various lipids, using several encapsu…
Under typical growth conditions, strain levels greater than or equal to 10−4 are shown to influence thin film surface morphology and strain relaxation pathways. Misfit and threading dislocations in relaxed heterostructures produce long wavelength undulations on the surface and shallow depressions, respectively. Thread…
A new probe using a lumped constant resonator for the scanning nonlinear dielectric microscope has been developed. This probe has sufficient resolution to observe the area distribution of ferroelectric polarization. Using this probe, the distributions of the domains in the thin film of a copolymer of vinylidene fluori…
Abstract The 24 title compounds were prepared in well crystallized form by reaction of the rare earth elements (or uranium, respectively), manganese, the pnictide components, and MnO 2 in a NaCl/KCl flux. They crystallize with the tetragonal ZrCuSiAs type structure (P4/nmm, Z = 2), which has been refined from single-c…
ZnO thin films were deposited on a R-plane sapphire substrate. The effects of the thermal energy and the kinetic energy of the sputtered species on the growth of ZnO thin films were investigated. By varying the substrate temperature, chamber pressure, and radio frequency power, the structure of ZnO thin films was tran…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTPolydendron: Polymerization of Dendritic Phenylacetylene MonomersTakashi Kaneko, Takahiro Horie, Motohiro Asano, Toshiki Aoki, and Eizo OikawaView Author Information Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ika…
The Escherichia coli panD gene, encoding l-aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase, was cloned by PCR, and shown to complement a panD mutant defective in beta-alanine biosynthesis. Aspartate decarboxylase is a pyruvoyl-dependent enzyme, and is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme (the pi-protein), which is proteolytic…
Movement of magma within the Earth depends upon the density, compressibility, thermal expansion, viscosity, diffusivity, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of silicate melts as a function of temperature, pressure, and composition. These physical properties are controlled by the atomic coordination and bond streng…
The insulin hexamer is an allosteric protein capable of undergoing transitions between three conformational states: T6, T3R3, and R6. These transitions are mediated by the binding of phenolic compounds to the R-state subunits, which provide positive homotropic effects, and by the coordination of anions to the bound me…
We propose a new simulation scheme to describe polymer dynamics at interfaces. Using this scheme, we studied adsorption dynamics in a polymer solution. We calculated the evolution of the density profiles and the polymer conformation. The numerical results are qualitatively consistent with recent experimental observati…
The temperature variation of the (100) and (010) neutron diffraction peak intensities, related only to the Nd magnetic moments, have been measured on a ${\mathrm{NdFeO}}_{3}$ single crystal, at temperatures down to 70 mK. The (100) peak becomes noticeable below 25 K while the (010) peak only gives an appreciable contr…