Influence of Dopants, Temperature and Atmosphere of Sintered on the Microstructure and Behavior of Lead Free Ceramics
Influence of Dopants, Temperature and Atmosphere of Sintered on the Microstructure and Behavior of Lead Free Ceramics
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Risk Assessment of the Chopper Dipole Kicker Magnets for the MedAustron Facility
The MedAustron facility, to be built in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), will provide protons and ions for both cancer therapy and research [1]. Different types of kicker magnets will be used in the accelerator complex, including fast beam chopper dipoles: these allow the beam to be switched on and off for routine operation…
Light scattering study of low-energy vibrational excitations in the metallic glass Ni 67 Zr 33 using electronic Raman scattering
The Raman response of the metallic glass ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{67}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{33}$ is measured as a function of polarization and temperature and analyzed theoretically. Unexpectedly, the intensity in the range up to 300$\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ increases upon cooling, which is counteri…
First‐principles investigation of H2O adsorption on a BN co‐doped nanotube
Abstract We have investigated the electronic and optical properties of a water adsorbed carbon nanotube (CNT) with boron/nitrogen co‐doping by means of density‐functional theories (DFTs). These properties play an important role in biological application of the co‐doped nanotube. The positions of the inside adsorbed wa…
Correlation-free reflection diagnostics of biaxially anisotropic nanoscale films on transparent isotropic materials
The possibilities of determining the parameters of biaxially anisotropic ultrathin dielectric films on transparent isotropic substrates by differential reflectance and ellipsometric measurements are analyzed. The analysis is based on analytical reflection formulas obtained in the framework of a long-wavelength approxi…
Measurement and analysis of non-uniformities in CdTe solar cells
CdTe and other thin-film polycrystalline solar cells have potential spatial non-uniformities in their photovoltaic response that can both lower their performance and complicate the analysis of their current-voltage curves. Polycrystalline cells have inherent non-uniformities associated with their grain structure, but…
Minority carrier transport length in electrodeposited Cu 2 O for heterojunction solar cells
The minority carrier transport length (L) is a critical parameter limiting the performance of inexpensive Cu2O-ZnO photovoltaic devices. In this work, this length is determined for electrochemically deposited Cu2O by linking the optical carrier generation profile from front and back incident-photon-to-electron convers…
Simulation of Ex-Vessel Steam Explosion
A steam explosion is a type of a fuel-coolant interaction (FCI), which results from the rapid and intense heat transfer that may follow the interaction between the molten material and the coolant (Berthoud, 2000;Corradini et al., 1988;Sehgal et al., 2008;Turland and Dobson, 1996).Such an interaction can occur when the…
Electron spin resonance study of single‐walled carbon nanotubes
Abstract Studies of electron spin resonance (ESR) are reported on several types of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) synthesized by different methods. We work both with the obtained samples, which contained randomly distributed semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs, and with selected 99% semiconducting or metallic…
Growth and Energy Transfer of Newly Discovered Fluorescence in Polystyrene Fine Particles
This is a following-up paper about the newly discovered fluorescence emissions observed in polystyrene fine particles. The details will be discussed regarding how and when these new fluorescence emissions appear, and how energy transfer occurs in different fluorophores. It is found that the fluorescence emissions grow…
Local Structure of Relaxor Dielectric Ceramics
The electric field and frequency dependence of the dielectric permittivities of relaxor dielectrics makes them promising tuneable microwave component materials and gives rise to numerous potential applications, especially in the fields of electronics and telecommunications technologies. Relaxors of this type have been…
Safety Studies and General Simulations of Research Reactors Using Nuclear Codes
The main activity of the nuclear research reactors is not connected to power generation. However, they are widely used to several activities as to non-destructive materials testing, radioisotopes production, nuclear medicine, research, and many others fields. The Research Reactor Database (RRDB) of the International A…
Non-Volatile Memory Devices Based on Chalcogenide Materials
IntroductionNon-volatile memory refers to memory devices that can retain stored information even when electric power is not applied.Usually, non-volatile memories are utilized as secondary storage in computers, long term persistent storage and portable data storage.The most popular portable non-volatile memory nowaday…
A novel approach for correlating capacitance data with performance during thin-film device stress studies
A new data mining algorithm was developed to identify the strongest correlations between capacitance data (measured between -1.5 V and +0.49 V) and first- and second-level performance metrics (efficiency [η%], open-circuit voltage [VOC], short-circuit current density [JSC], and fill-factor [FF]) during the stress test…
Experimental realization of high-efficiency switchable optical OAM state generator and transformer
We introduce a high efficiency method to control orbital angular momentum (OAM) using a novel diffractive optical element - switchable forked polarization gratings (FPGs). We successfully fabricated the element and realized electric-optical switching of the OAM state. Unlike other approaches, this OAM manipulation req…
Low Power and Shutdown PSA for the Nuclear Power Plants with WWER440 Type Reactors
Two nuclear power plants (NPPs) are in operation in Slovakia equipped with WWER440/V213 type reactors. The Jaslovske Bohunice V2 NPP has two reactors in operation, the Mochovce NPP has also two reactors in operation and another two reactor units are under construction which will be given into operation in 2013. Full p…
Research on Severe Accidents in Nuclear Power Plants
Severe accidents (SA) in nuclear power plants (NPPs) are unlikely events but with serious consequences, as recently shown by the accident that occurred in April 2011 in the Fukushima Japanese NPPs. SA research started originally in the seventies with initial risk assessment studies and later on with experimental progr…
Responsive Two-Photon Induced Europium Emission as Fluorescent Indicator for Paralytic Shellfish Saxitoxin
A water-soluble europium(III) complex (1) has been synthesized and demonstrated to be a specific fluorescence probe for the paralytic shellfish toxin saxitoxin, a neurotoxin that blocks the voltage-gated sodium channels on cell membranes. Saxitoxin binds to the europium complex (K(B) = 6.1 × 10(4) M(-1)) and triggers…
An Examination of Kernite (Na2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O) Using X-Ray and Electron Spectroscopies: Quantitative Microanalysis of a Hydrated Low-Z Mineral
Mineral borates, the primary industrial source of boron, are found in a large variety of compositions. One such source, kernite (Na2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O), offers an array of challenges for traditional electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA)-it is hygroscopic, an electrical insulator, composed entirely of light elements, and sen…
Chocolate aeration: art or science?
Bubble inclusion into chocolate results in a foam in which the gas is dispersed in the continuous fat phase of mainly cocoa butter, which also contains sugar, cocoa and milk powder particles. Aeration allows chocolate products to have a low weight in relation to volume, thereby reducing the calories in a portion (albe…