Materials Literature
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We have developed a stable and efficient kernel method to compute thermal transport in open systems, based on the scattering-matrix approach. This method is applied to compute the thermal conductance of a junction between bulk silicon and silicon nanowires with diameter up to 10 nm. We have found that beyond a thresho…
The nitric acid oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes leading to surface carboxylic groups has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The experimental results show that such a reaction involves the initial rapid formation of carbonyl groups, which are then transformed into phenol or carboxylic gr…
A new type of gold nanoparticle with interesting energetics has been created by employing a mixture of dithiol durene (Durene-DT) and monothiol phenylethanethiol (PhC2S) in the synthesis. The average composition of these mixed thiolate clusters is characterized to be Au(130)(Durene-DT)(29)(PhC2S)(22). Continuous quant…
The synthesis and characterization of poly(phenylene methylene) (PPM) and carbon composites thereof are described. The materials were prepared using graphite oxide (GO), which was discovered to function in two distinct roles. First, the GO was found to facilitate the dehydrative polymerization of benzyl alcohol (BnOH)…
All bound up: A poly(L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine)-based ligand converts hydrophobic nanoparticles into hydrophilic and biocompatible species through several binding modes. Nanoparticles functionalized with this ligand (see picture) are highly stable in various aqueous solutions. A successful in vivo MRI application u…
We report the observation of highly anisotropic Dirac fermions in a Bi square net of SrMnBi(2), based on a first-principles calculation, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and quantum oscillations for high-quality single crystals. We found that the Dirac dispersion is generally induced in the (SrBi)(+) layer c…
We present a new optical arrangement which allows to avoid the broadening by finite aperture in Brillouin spectroscopy. In this system, all the rays scattered at the same angle by the whole scattering volume are collected on a single pixel of the area detector. This allows to use large collection angles, increasing th…
A fusion-driven hybrid subcritical system (FDS) concept has been designed and proposed as spent fuel burner based on viable technologies. The plasma fusion driver can be designed based on relatively easily achieved plasma parameters extrapolated from the successful operation of existing fusion experimental devices suc…
[Cp(2)Dy(thf)(μ-Cl)](2) (2) was synthesized from [Cp(2)Dy(μ-Cl)](n), which crystalizes as two polymorphs, with n = 2 (1a) or ∞ (1b). All three compounds show slow relaxation of magnetization, and in 2 the quantum tunnelling was found to be exchange-biased.
Image enhancement: Core–shell [email protected]3O4 urchin-shaped nanoparticles can be synthesized by means of an anisotropic etching process and used as a pH-activatable T1 contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. The manganese ions released from the MnO phase in the low-pH sites within tumor cells lead to an en…
We reconsider and interpret the mechanical properties of the recently proposed allotrope of carbon, $T$-carbon [Sheng et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 155703 (2011)], using density functional theory in combination with different empirical hardness models. In contrast with the early estimation based on Gao et al.'s model,…
Biomedical applications of graphene have recently attracted intensive attention, with graphene-based nanomaterials being reported as promising candidates in, for example, drug delivery, biosensing and bioimaging. In this paper, mechanical properties and bioactivity of nanofibrous and porous membranes electrospun from…
At low reaction temperatures (<320 K), moisture plays an essential role in promoting the oxidation of CO over Au/TiO2(110) surfaces, whereas at high temperatures (>320 K), such promotional effect is not observed, suggesting that the mechanism and active sites of the reaction change with the reaction temperature (see p…
Abstract Thermoelectric materials could play an increasing role for the efficient use of energy resources and waste heat recovery in the future. The thermoelectric efficiency of materials is described by the figure of merit ZT = (S2σT)/κ (S Seebeck coefficient, σ electrical conductivity, κ thermal conductivity, and T…
Tissue engineering is a newly emerging biomedical technology, which aids and increases the repair and regeneration of deficient and injured tissues. It employs the principles from the fields of materials science, cell biology, transplantation, and engineering in an effort to treat or replace damaged tissues. Tissue en…
A tubelike metal cluster containing 36 Gd and 12 Ni atoms was obtained by anion-templated self-assembly of the metal ions (see picture for arrangement of the 48 metal ions in the cluster core). The huge cryogenic magnetocaloric effects exhibited by this cluster (see plot of magnetic entropy change ΔSm) can be rational…
Abstract Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) layered nanostructures are known to have very stable crystal structures and high faradaic activity. The low electronic conductivity of V 2 O 5 greatly limits the application of vanadium oxide as electrode materials and requires combining with conducting materials using binders. I…
Shape up: Copper nanocrystals with different shapes enclosed mainly by {100} facets have been prepared by reducing CuCl2 with glucose. The syntheses were preformed in an aqueous solution at 100 °C with the use of hexadecylamine as a capping agent (see scheme).
The liquid-crystal dimer 1'',7''-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl)heptane (CB7CB) exhibits two liquid-crystalline mesophases on cooling from the isotropic phase. The high-temperature phase is nematic; the identification and characterization of the other liquid-crystal phase is reported in this paper. It is concluded that the…
Understanding the thermal reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is important for graphene exfoliation, and chemical and morphological modifications. In this process, the role of trapped water and the evolution of oxygen during annealing are still not well-understood. To unravel the complex mechanisms leading to the removal…