Materials Literature
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Liquid crystal (LC) gratings consisting of twisted nematic orientation domains have been demonstrated. The LC cells exhibited bistability in its LC molecular orientation behavior, which can be divided into two types of twist orientations; that is, ±90° or ±180° twist orientation states. The former can be produced by t…
Photochromic polymer materials with large modulation of properties enable the production of functional optical devices. The light-triggered change in color has been exploited to develop multi-object focal plane masks for astronomical instrumentation and holographic optical elements for interferometric optical testing.…
Design and synthesis of a bent-core mesogen possessing the achiral ferroelectric SmAPF phase is reported. The design approach is based upon the discovery of Sadashiva and Reddy, et al. that bent-core mesogens possessing only one tail gave biaxial SmA phases shown to be antiferroelectric (SmAPA). The SmAPA phase shows…
We report the results of measurements performed on a particular platinum(II) 4,4'-bis[3-ethyl-1-(2-ethylhexyl)heptyl]-2,2'-bipyridyl complex bearing 2-(benzothiazol-2'-yl)-7-ethynyl-9,9-dihexadecyl-fluorenyl units. A similar complex, identical except for the presence of ethyl groups at the 9-position of the fluorenes…
Syntheses, characterizations, and applications to organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) of four isomeric naphthodithiophenes (NDTs) are reported. The NDT cores are utilized to both small-molecular organic semiconductors for vapor-processed OFETs and polymer semiconductors for solution processed OFETs. For the vapor…
In this paper we explore vortex beams and in particular the generation of single LG0l modes and superpositions thereof. Vortex beams carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) and this intrinsic property makes them prevalent in transferring this OAM to matter and to be used in quantum information processing. We explore an e…
Over the past decade conducting polymer electrodes have played an important role in bio-sensing and actuation. Recent developments in the field of organic electronics have made available a variety of devices that bring unique capabilities at the interface with biology. One example is organic electrochemical transistor…
Donor-acceptor structures have recently gained great popularity for the design of low band gap polymeric organic semiconductors. Presented here is a first systematic study of organic semiconductors based on columnar liquid crystals that consist of discotic and board-shaped donor-acceptor structures. The discotic benzo…
Third-order nonlinear optical properties of three isomeric tetrapyrrole triads, i.e. mixed (porphyrinato)(phthalocyaninato) yttrium double-decker complexes appended with one metal free porphyrin chromophore at the para, meta, and orthoposition, respectively, of one meso-phenyl group of the porphyrin ligand in the doub…
When left and right circularly polarized beams of light from a pump laser interfere in a nematic liquid crystal doped with azo dye, a polarization twisted nematic (PTN) grating is formed in the sample. The same is not true when linearly polarized light interferes, regardless of the polarization. For circularly polariz…
Transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors is the result of transactivation capability and receptor protein concentration. The concentration of ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) constitutively expressed in vertebrate cells varies depending on the isoforms. Besides ligand binding and heterodimerization with ultraspiracle (…
2-Aryl-1-haloindolizines were synthesized from pyridinium salts and 2-aryl-1,1-dihaloalk-1-enes using a DBU/THF system. 2-Aryl-1,1-dihaloalk-1-enes containing electron-withdrawing or -donating groups were efficiently converted into the corresponding 2-aryl-1-haloindolizines in moderate to excellent yields.
Sensing films specific to nitric oxide and zinc were fabricated by embedding respectively indicator 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) and 11,16-Bis(phenyl)-6,6,21,21-tetramethyl-m-benzi-6,21-porphodimethene (BPDM-H) in hydrogel host poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). The sensing film contains DAQ, which responses to nitr…
In this paper, we first investigated the degradation of the performance of liquid crystals display (LCD) units after driving by a DC bias. Missed segments were found in the test LCD units. By carefully investigating the alignment layer and ITO layer separately, an explanation of the ITO failure is proposed: voltages a…
Abstract Chromophore end‐labeled polystyrene is synthesized using nitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP) by decomposing 2‐2′‐azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in the presence of fluorene or fluorene derivatives. End‐labeling is dependent on the thermally produced radical species selectively abstrac…
We have developed several binary, ternary and quaternary sulfide and selenide crystals for nonlinear optical applications and present an overview on the crystal growth and characterization of crystals for nonlinear optical (NLO) conversion efficiency. We have summarized the performance of silver gallium selenide (AgGa…
In this work we present results of physical and optical properties of Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glasses and fibers. The Double Clad Tellurite Fibers (DCTFs) are based on glasses with the composition: TeO2-WO3-Nb2O5-Na2O-Al2O3-Er2O3-Yb2O3. The DCTFs were fabricated by using the rod-in-tube technique and a Heathway d…
The field of nanotechnology is poised to revolutionize medical imaging. As discussed in the previous chapters, nanoparticles can be detected in vivo through myriad techniques. Here we introduce another technique, photoacoustic imaging, that combines the advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging methods, resulting i…
The introduction of microbubbles has significantly changed the field of ultrasound imaging, which previously lacked effective contrast agents compared with other fields of imaging such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which use iodinated and gadolinium contrast agents, respectively [12,…
Abstract Streptomycin has been used to derive organic metal complexes (OMCs) after metallation with ZnCl2, CdCl2 and PbCl2 and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy (time‐of‐flight MS), magnetic measurement, thermal decomposition analysis (TGA,…