Particle retention efficiency of salps
Five species of salps retained plastic beads ≥2.5 μm diameter with high (≥60%) efficiency, while 1.0 μm beads were retained with low (≤15%) efficiency in all but one experiment.
Materials Literature
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Wettability of kraft pulps-effect of surface composition and oxygen plasma treatment
Wettability and ESCA studies have been carried out using unextracted and extracted kraft pulps with different amounts of lignin. The effect of oxygen plasma treatment was investigated. The wettability was studied by placing a drop of water on a sheet made from the pulp and following the decrease in drop volume and app…
Twist inversion in a cholesteric material containing a single chiral centre
A novel liquid-crystalline material, S-2-chloropropyl 4′-(4″-n-nonyloxyphenylpropioloyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylate (902C13T), which undergoes an inversion of helical-twist sense in the cholesteric phase, was prepared and its physical properties were investigated. The behaviour of the pitch and the twist sense of the he…
An improved method for TS-1 synthesis: 29Si NMR studies
It is possible to incorporate up to eight Ti ions per unit cell, which is probably the maximum, into the MFI structure (TS-1) using our improved synthesis procedure; 29Si NMR studies have helped in evolving the sysnthesis route.
Structure of grafted polyelectrolyte layer
The equilibrium structure of a monolayer formed by long polyelectrolyte chains grafted at one end onto an impermeable planar surface is analyzed. In contrast to the case of uncharged grafted polymer layer the unit density profile in a swollen state is not of the parabolic, but o the exponential type. The decrease in t…
Influence of Chromium Depletion on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of 304 Stainless Steel
Direct correlations are made between the extent of chromium depletion at grain boundaries and intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of 304 stainless steel during slow-strain-rate (SSR) tensile tests in 288 °C air-saturated water. IGSCC was found to depend on the minimum chromium concentration, the spacing of…
Cell-cycle effects on the kinetics of silicic acid uptake and resource competition among diatoms
Current models of nutrient utilization by planktonic algae generally assume that cells transport nutrients continuously. This assumption is violated in the case of Si utilization by diatoms. Silicic acid transport is confined to specific portions of the cell cycle such that only a fraction of the cells in a population…
Effects of Radiation on Materials: 15th International Symposium
Description Describes current research on the effects of radiation on structural materials. The section on Ceramics and Nuclear Fuels has five papers that reflect this interest. Other topics include: • Irradiation facilities • Current commercial power reactor systems • Micro structural characterization of irradiation…
Syntheses, cation complexation, isomerization and photochemical cation-binding control of spirobenzopyrans carrying a monoazacrown moiety at the 8-position
Spirobenzopyran derivatives carrying a monoazacrown moiety, such as 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, and 18-crown-6 moieties, and their acyclic analogue, at the 8-position have been synthesized. Alkali metal ion complexation by the crowned spirobenzopyrans, followed by isomerization to the corresponding merocyanine form, and t…
QUANTIFICATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF THE EUROPEAN FLAT OYSTER OSTREA EDULIS L. TO TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY
Physiological stress was quantified in specimens of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis, acclimated to a matrix of temperature (5–25°C) and salinity (16–34%o) conditions, using the Scope for Growth (SFG) index. Variations in the index were interpreted from the responses of its components, absorption efficiency, fil…
Ab initioHartree-Fock study of tetragonal and cubic phases of zirconium dioxide
The structural and electronic properties of cubic and tetragonal zirconia (${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$) are studied using a periodic ab initio Hartree-Fock method. Only valence electrons are treated explicitly, while effective core potentials are used for describing core electrons. The equilibrium geometries and elastic prop…
Sintering Behaviors and Consolidation Process for Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiC Nanocomposites
Al2O3/SiC nanocomposites exhibited the high fracture toughness and strength at room temperature and good high-temperature mechanical properties. These significant improvements of mechanical properties were contributed to the dispersion of nanometer-size SiC particle within Al2O3 matrix grains. In this paper, the sinte…
Monodispersed dendritic polyesters with removable chain ends: a versatile approach to globular macromolecules with chemically reversible polarities
A versatile approach to dendritic macromolecules with aromatic polyester inner structure and a readily modified hydrophobic/hydrophilic ‘surface’ is described. The polyester fragments are prepared by a convergent growth process involving 3,5-bis(benzyloxy)benzoic acid as the ‘surface’ or chain-ending moiety and trichl…
Synthesis, structural, spectroscopic and magnetic studies of two azido and thiocyanato nickel( II ) dinuclear complexes with ferromagnetic interactions
From a newly synthesised tridentate ligand [pepci =N′-(2-pyridin-2-ylethyl)pyridine-2-carbaldimine] two new octahedrally co-ordinated nickel(II) dimers, [{Ni(pepci)(N3)2}2]1 and [{Ni(pepci)(NCS)2}2]2, have been prepared. The crystal structure 1 has been solved. It crystallizes in space group P21/c with four formula we…
Optical characteristics of Teflon AF fluoroplastic materials
The chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of the first two members of a new family of fluoroplastic materials are examined. These new materials have the unique properties of being optically transparent in the visible and near IR and also chemically inert. Comparison of the optical properties to other transparen…
Thermal analysis - techniques and applications
The book, which is based on a short course held by the Thermal Analysis Consultancy Service of the University of Leeds, aims to provide an overview of the principal thermal methods and their application in major areas of importance. The instrumental topics covered include: differential thermal analysis (DTA), differen…
Reduced order model for transformer transients
A complete model for transformers is derived on the basis of very efficiently calculated elementary (turn-to-turn) parameters. A high-order turn-to-turn model is constructed for the windings. This model is reduced to a lower order by operating on the resulting matrices. An electric equivalent circuit for the core is o…
Detection of LO modes in glass by infrared reflection spectroscopy at oblique incidence
The occurrence of longitudinal-transverse splittings in the optic-vibrational-mode frequencies of partially ionic glasses has previously been observed in several glass systems and was also theoretically confirmed. The transverse-optic (TO) and longitudinal-optic (LO) components are usually derived from near-normal inf…
The effect of B2O3 on the viscosity of haplogranitic liquids
The effect of B2O3 on the viscosity of a haplogranitic liquid (KrO-Na,O-AlrOr-SiO,) hasbeen determined at I atm pressure in the temperature interval of 600-1600 °C. Viscositymeasurementso f a haplogranite, haplogranite + 4.35 wt% B2O3 and haplogranite + 8.92 wt% B2O3 have been performed using the concentric cylinder a…
A self consistent generalized model for the calculation of minor loop excursions in the theory of hysteresis
In previous work it has been shown how to calculate the magnetization curve from a simple theory which invokes a constant energy loss per unit change in magnetization in a ferromagnet. The energy loss, which is therefore proportional to the change in magnetization, leads to hysteresis loops which are obtained from fir…