Materials Literature
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A simplified version of the specific contact resistance measurement scheme of G. K. Reeves [Solid State Electronics 23, 487 (1980)] has been developed. Its applicability to semiconducting diamond is demonstrated using four sample types: epitaxial films doped to mid 1019 acceptors/cm3 on 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 type IIa substr…
The electric power consumed by hot tantalum and tungsten filaments used to dissociate hydrogen molecules into hydrogen radicals was measured at filament temperatures of 2000, 2300, and 2500 °C and hydrogen pressures from 0.5–100 Torr. The measured power consumption at pressures above 30 Torr was well represented by a…
Abstract d ‐Block transition‐metal‐containing polymer blends which form coordination complexes are described in this treatise. The model compounds are zinc acetate dihydrate, copper acetate dihydrate, nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, palladium chloride bis (acetonitrile), and the dimer of dich…
Time-resolved hot-stage transmission optical microscopy is used to characterize the nucleation and growth kinetics of amorphous GeTe thin-film crystallization. This technique provides experimental measurements of the fraction crystallized, the number of crystallites, and the crystallite size as a function of annealing…
Formation of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy/titanium nitride (TiN) layered structures and their electromigration (EM) performance have been investigated. The crystallographic structure of the TiN film changes with the sputter-deposition conditions. A large negative substrate bias in reactive sputtering induces a struc…
Abstract Enzyme‐catalyzed preparation of polymers offers several potentially valuable advantages over the usual polymerization procedures and has been studied for several years. A significant limitation on the polyesters prepared to date has been the low molecular weights achieved. The present studies have established…
A lattice instability toward in-plane Kekulé and out-of-plane distortions is studied for metallic carbon nanotubes in a magnetic field perpendicular to the tube axis using a k · p approximation. A strong magnetic field drastically enhances the distortion for the nanotubes with larger circumference and leads to a gap a…
We present a realistic theoretical study of the surface-phonon spectra of diamond (100) surfaces. Our results reproduce the major features of the vibrational spectra of clean and hydrogenated diamond (100)-(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surfaces obtained from experiments. The reconstruction of the diamond (100…
Colloidal crystals of rhodamine labeled silica spheres dispersed in chloroform have been studied with fluorescence confocal scanning laser microscopy. We report the first determination of the three-dimensional crystalline stacking in the bulk of a concentrated dispersion. The structure was found to consist of a random…
We report on optical waveguide structures containing a thin liquid crystal (LC) film held between two photochromic command surfaces. The command surfaces consist of three monomolecular layers of a polymer with azobenzene side chains deposited according to the Langmuir–Blodgett–Kuhn technique. When exposed to light of…
We present a matrix formalism to describe the near-field diffraction pattern, at fractions of a Talbot distance, of a grating whose unit cell is composed of a discrete substructure. We show that this formalism is useful for designing Lohmann array illuminators.
We have developed a method for adding the effect of the surface barrier to the Van Hove--Tong suite of low-energy electron-diffraction programs enabling us to analyze very-low-energy electron-diffraction (LEED) spectra from complex reconstructed systems. The method models the effect of the surface-potential barrier on…
We use ab initio pseudopotential electronic-structure methods to describe successfully both the detailed static structures and the structural transformation in ${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ crystals. Employing a reduced cell volume, with full relaxation of all internal coordinates, our calculations model the st…
Detailed characteristics of photoinduced surface deposition (PSD) of metallic Ag have been studied using Ag-As-S bulk glasses to reveal the mechanism. The composition dependence of PSD in the AgxAs60−xS40 (25≤x≤45) system shows that the photosensitivity decreases with a decrease in the Ag content and becomes negligibl…
Abstract Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) measurements were conducted on polycarbonate subjected to either thermal expansion or to tensile and compressive strains. It was found that thermal expansion affected both the nanometer hole size and the hole number density, whereas mechanical stress affected…
The reversed-phase HPLC retention behavior of D-amino acid replacement sets of an amphipathic model peptide, neuropeptide Y, and corticotropin releasing factor has been studied. The results demonstrate that D-amino acid substitutions destabilized the amphipathic alpha-helix, leading to a decrease of fractional helicit…
Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films show a characteristic photoluminescence behavior that is of great interest for the study of their electronic structure. In the present paper we develop a model of the photoluminescence process in a polymerlike hydrocarbon on the basis of a mixed ${\mathit{sp}}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{…
We study solids of ${\mathrm{Si}}_{20}$ fullerenes, ${\mathrm{Si}}_{46}$ and ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{6}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{46}$, in the framework of density-functional theory. The electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Si}}_{46}$ is remarkably different from that of the diamond Si lattice due to its pentagonal netw…
Measurements are reported for the electrical dc conductivity of the semiconducting vanadium tellurite glasses containing P2O5, Sb2O3, or Bi2O3 in the temperature range 80–450 K. The experimental data have been analyzed in the light of existing theoretical models. It has been observed that the general behavior of the e…
The current-voltage characteristics of porous-silicon structures are presented and discussed. Evidence is given that the forward and reverse currents show Schottky-junction-like behavior. Experimental measurements of reverse I-V curves at different ambient humidities demonstrate that the reverse current depends strong…