Materials Literature
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A study of the emulsification of silicone oil and water in the presence of partially hydrophobic, monodisperse silica nanoparticles is described. Emulsification involves the fragmentation of bulk liquids and the resulting large drops and the coalescence of some of those drops. The influence of particle concentration,…
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are grown by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method at 600 °C. The nanotubes are of high quality as characterized by microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical transport measurements. High performance field effect transistors are obtained with the PECVD nan…
An effective approach is demonstrated for growing large-area, hexagonally patterned, aligned ZnO nanorods. The synthesis uses a catalyst template produced by a self-assembled monolayer of submicron spheres and guided vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth on a single crystal alumina substrate. The ZnO nanorods have uniform s…
Abstract The copolymerization of methylvinyldichlorosilane (MVDCS) and styrene was carried out with various monomer feed ratios under dechlorination conditions with sodium in toluene at 110°C. The copolymers were obtained in 84–95% yields. The copolymerization of MVDCS and styrene with monomer feed ratios of 1 : 0.25…
Transmission electron microscopy observations of the dislocation substructure in fine-grained copper polycrystals fatigued at room temperature were carried out to investigate the correlation between surface morphology and the underlying dislocation substructure. The results indicate that samples fatigued under constan…
Abstract The polycondensation of potassium 5‐cyano‐4‐fluoro‐2‐octylphenolate ( 1b ) was carried out in the presence of 4‐fluoro‐4′‐trifluoromethylbenzophenone ( 2 ) as an initiator for chain‐growth polycondensation in a variety of solvents, and the chain‐growth nature of this polymerization was found to depend on the…
Abstract The thermoforming capacity of a number of blends of an ethylene‐vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH‐32, with 32 mol % ethylene) with amorphous polyamide (aPA) and/or Nylon‐containing ionomer with interest in multilayer food packaging structures have been studied. These blends were vacuum‐thermoformed between 100 an…
Abstract The crystallization and melting behavior of Mg(OH) 2 /polypropylene (PP) composites modified by the addition of functionalized polypropylene (FPP) or acrylic acid (AA) and the formation of in situ FPP were investigated by DSC. The results indicated that addition of FPP increased crystallization temperatures o…
Abstract High‐capacity microcellular monoliths were prepared by a two‐step process, including the synthesis of a bromoester‐functionalized scaffold by the copolymerization of a highly concentrated emulsion and an in situ surface polymerization of methyl methacrylate with atom transfer radical polymerization. The influ…
Abstract The thermal and mechanical properties of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), and their blends were evaluated. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that increasing the PCL content of the blend did not change the LDPE melting temperature, but reduced the crystallinity by up to 16.8%…
The crystallization of racemic mandelic acid is studied in unseeded batch cooling experiments in four solvent systems. Apart from the thermodynamically stable racemic compound, a metastable modification of the racemic compound is also found to initially form upon nucleation. The metastable racemate is characterized by…
Abstract Film samples of two very pure polyolefins, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), were surface‐modified by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photochemistry in low‐pressure ammonia. The influence of experimental conditions such as wavelength and intensity (photon flux) of the VUV r…
Abstract A series of bismaleimide and biscitraconimide compounds with ester units were synthesized by a condensation reaction between 3‐maleimido benzoic acid chloride or 4‐maleimido benzoic acid chloride and citraconimido benzoyl chloride with 4,4‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol and 4,4‐hydroxyphenylsulfone. The m…
If the presence of crystal surfaces permits some of the dipole content of a dislocation array to leave the crystal to form intrusions or extrusions on the surface, then the dipole strength of the array, as defined in part I, can change by glide processes. It is confirmed that the energy difference between vacancy and…
The recently determined structure of NaCa(4)Nb(5)O(17) is reanalyzed within the superspace framework. The material follows the general features of the superspace model proposed for the perovskite-related compounds of the general formula A(n)B(n)O(3n+2) [Elcoro et al. (2001). Acta Cryst. B57, 471-484]. It can be descri…
Toxic elements found in wastes may have a negative impact on the environment, especially through the contamination of groundwater and plants. To reduce their mobility and availability, French regulations mandate the solidification and stabilization of toxic wastes. Many methods to stabilize and solidify wastes exist,…
Pure lead phosphate, Pb(3)(PO(4))(2), undergoes a phase transition from C2/c to R(-)3m symmetry at a pressure of approximately 1.8 GPa and room temperature. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements of the unit-cell parameters of a sample doped with 1.6% Ba(2+) for the Pb(2+) indicates that the doping reduces the…
Abstract This article is devoted to the study of electron‐beam‐induced degradation under argon atmosphere of an ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM, based on 5‐ethylidene 2‐norbornene) and an ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR) containing the same molar ratio of ethylene/propylene. The chemical structure modifications…
Abstract The molecular relaxation processes and structure of isotactic polystyrene (iPS) films were investigated with real‐time dielectric spectroscopy and simultaneous wide‐ and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The purpose of this work was to explore the restrictions imposed on molecular mobility in the vicinity of the…
In this paper, very systematic experimental data on the orientation dependence of the twinning stress in Cu–8 at.% Al single crystals are reported. A method, typical for ‘latent hardening experiments’, is employed to determine the critical stresses needed to activate twin systems in a dislocated crystal. Results show…