Materials Literature
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Abstract Applications of benzotriazole methodology for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds are reviewed. The characteristic advantages of benzotriazole as a synthetic auxiliary are first briefly considered. This is followed by a summary of its use in ring synthesis in which the construction of small; five‐member…
Abstract Polymer stabilization has been an active area of research and development for several decades. In this review, advances in phosphite chemistry are discussed with regard to hydrolysis resistance and color retention. The use of lactones as carbon centered radical traps is reviewed with examples showing the incr…
Possible functions of equine hoof wall tubules were investigated in this study. Hydration tests were conducted on blocks of hoof wall tissue in order to test the hypothesis that hollow tubules facilitate the conduction of water vapour distally. Although water loss or gain was inhibited through the outer wall surface,…
Semiconductor nanoparticles were synthesized by exposing fatty acid salt Langmuir-Blodgett films to the atmosphere of . The particle sizes were characterized by small-angle x-ray scattering of their solutions using synchrotron radiation source at higher resolution, as it was impossible previously to study it with usua…
A perturbative model for the calculation of electron-phonon coupling constants of tetrahedral transition metal complexes based on the electrostatic ligand field theory is presented. Orbital vibronic coupling constants are expressed in terms of common ligand field parameters, and linear many-electron coupling constants…
Abstract The structure/property relationships and morphology of glass bead–reinforced syndiotactic and isotactic polypropylene composites containing 0 to 20 vol% thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) were studied. Polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS) and the corresponding block copolymer graft…
The forced oscillations of a system consisting of two finite liquid columns in a duct separated by a gas bubble are studied in the linear approximation. It is found that thermal processes in the gas induce a very significant damping in the system, which can exceed viscous damping even in capillaries with a submillimet…
To study the size effects in ferroelectric thin films, we investigated the crystal structure and Raman spectra of BaTiO3 thin films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The results indicated that the characteristic of tetragonal phase disappears for thin films with an average size below 55 nm. The lattice p…
In addition to the well-known spectrum of Czochralski-grown silicon, two infrared bands at 560 and 648 cm−1 are found to arise from the interstitial oxygen in silicon. The assignment of the bands is performed using the studies of their oxygen isotope shift and temperature dependence. The 560 cm−1 band is attributed to…
A hydrostatic high-pressure cell (maximum pressure 700 MPa) with synthetic diamond windows is applied to measure small-angle X-ray scattering of a protein at high pressure. Use of the present cell allows an accurate solvent background correction, providing quantitative analyses. The performance of the present cell for…
The use of a phenomenological model to describe relaxation in the glassy state is reviewed, and it is shown that many important glass transition phenomena may be interpreted in this way. The key parameters of the model (the non-linearity parameter x, the non-exponentiality parameter β, and the apparent activation ener…
Thin oxide films play an important role in the corrosion of metals. Using XPS it is possible in principle to obtain information on the chemical state of near-surface atoms, the stoichiometry of the surface layer and its thickness. A problem is the quantification of XPS spectra, due to the large uncertainty in the valu…
Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) films of poly(o-anisidine) (POAS) were fabricated and characterized by means of Brewster-angle microscopy, ellipsometry and electrochemical techniques. The studied optical, cyclic voltammetric and ellipsometric properties of films underlined a regular deposition up to at least 40 monolayers of P…
LMTO-ASA nonempirical self-consistent method has been used to study the electron band structure of the cubic antiperovskites M 3 M’C (M=Mn, Fe; M′=Zn, Al, Ga, Sn) in ferromagnetic state, and to calculate the local atomic magnetic moments. The results obtained are compared with previous calculations and available exper…
Network polyesters were prepared from1,1,1-trimethylolethane (Ye), 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane (Yp), 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol (Xe), and d -glucitol (Zs) with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing different numbers of methylene groups (HOOC(CH 2 ) n - 2 COOH, n =4, 6−14, 16, and 20). Prepolymers prepared by melt polycondens…
Rhombohedral lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics were evaluated statically and dynamically to examine the relationship between domain structures and electrical properties. The poling field dependence of the electrical properties and crystal orientation was investigated as a statical evaluation. When the poling fiel…
Abstract Low molecular-weight natural rubber (LNR) and LNR latex was prepared by oxidative degradation of de-proteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex in the presence of 1 phr of K 2S2 O 8 and 15 phr of propanal, by shaking at 60 °C. The intrinsic viscosity [η] of DPNR with only K 2 S 2 O 8 decreased from 7.2 to 5.5 aft…
Abstract Lightly boron-doped polycrystalline diamond thin films prepared on single crystal silicon wafers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) were treated with chlorine (Cl2) under ultraviolet (> 200 nm) photoirradiation and then heated in boiling pyridine. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurements…
The zeolites belong to the category of high surface area ceramics. Their exceptional catalytic properties and performance as solid electrolytes are linked with the composition pore geometry, the distribution of T-atoms, and the nature and mobility of the adsorbed phases. Parallel conductivity and dielectric relaxation…
This paper is a shortened version of an NRPB document that reviewed the deterministic effects on human health likely to arise from serious overexposure to ionising radiation. Little new primary information on deterministic effects has become available in recent years. However, advances in techniques for data analysis…