Materials Literature
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Phenotypic plasticity is a key factor for the success of organisms in heterogeneous environments. Although many forms of phenotypic plasticity can be induced and retracted repeatedly, few extant models have analyzed conditions for the evolution of reversible plasticity. We present a general model of reversible plastic…
Antimicrobial films were produced by incorporating partially purified lysozyme into films of crude exopolysaccharides (59% pullulan) obtained from Aureobasidium pullulans fermentation. After film making, the films containing lysozyme at 100, 260, 520 and 780 μg/cm2 showed 23 to 70% of their expected enzyme activities.…
Highly selective photocatalytic epoxidation of olefins proceeds on Ti-containing silica with tetrahedrally coordinated Ti-oxide species with molecular oxygen and a simple addition of MeCN.
The syntheses, characterization and X-ray crystal structures of the first two examples of asymmetrically bridged dinuclear copper(ii) complexes containing a ferrocenecarboxylato ligand and a methoxo group in [{Cu(dmen)}2(micro-OMe){micro-O2C(eta5-C5H4)Fe(eta5-C5H5)}](ClO4)2, 1, (dmen=N,N-dimethylethylenediamine) or an…
Caterpillar-motion like rotational isomerization of meso-aryl substituted [26]- and [28]hexaphyrins has been revealed for the first time. Two-electron oxidation and reduction induce reversible interconversion between N,N'-dimethyl [26]- and [28]hexaphyrins with a rotational isomerization, in which the N-methylated pyr…
Three principle methods are available for fabric draping analysis; namely, simplified “mapping” and Finite Element methods applied at the macro- and meso- levels. The mapping method was first introduced in the 1950’s and due to its simplicity is still the preferred technique for industrial work. During the past decade…
Staining of tissues by dyes is accomplished through various types of bonds, some of which have been poorly defined in traditional biological literature. Here, basic principles of bonding are reviewed to establish uniform terminology and definitions consistent with the field of chemistry. The concept of charge - its pr…
Three-dimensional macroporous carbon, carbon capsules with and without opening windows, solid carbon spheres and walnut-like carbon nanostructures were fabricated with macroporous silica as a template. The relationship between the structures and experimental conditions was studied. The carbon materials reported here m…
Contrary to expectation, we demonstrate that spider dragline silk spun experimentally under water displays greater stiffness and higher resilience compared to silk spun "naturally" into air. We suggest that this consequence of extended wet-spinning is due to increased molecular orientation resulting from extension of…
Beside the high-capacity storage facilities based on hydro-power technologies, electrochemical solutions are the today's candidate for storage for renewable energy sources. However, limited life-cycles and sustainability of batteries are often inhibiting factors. This paper presents a hybrid energy storage system with…
Environmental factors affecting hydrogen absorption into steels have been investigated by hydrogen permeation tests under atmospheric exposure and simulated environmental conditions. Hydrogen absorption into steels under atmospheric exposure depended upon time in day, seasons and exposure locations. It was confirmed t…
Here we describe the first report of a family of fully conjugated monomers bearing salicylidene-aniline (anil) photochromes as pendant functional groups. These monomers are either N-functionalized pyrroles or 2,5-dithienylpyrroles. While the pyrrole monomers are not found to electropolymerize, the 2,5-dithienylpyrrole…
The synthesis, characterization, and mesomorphic properties of a new type of heteronuclear compounds 1a–c and a Pd complex 1d derived from benzoxazole as the core group are reported. These compounds were prepared by the ring closure reaction of 4‐alkoxybenzoic acid 4‐[(4‐alkoxy‐2‐hydroxyphenylimino)methyl]phenyl ester…
The carrier mobility of highly ordered lamellar mesophases was evaluated by a Time-of-Flight (TOF) method for mesogenic 1,4-di(5'-octyl-2'-thienyl)benzene (8-TPT-8) to reveal the fastest drift mobility (0.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) for the lowest temperature mesophase) in calamitic liquid crystals reported to date.
Recently proposed thermoelectric applications of quantum dot superlattices made of different material systems depend crucially on the values of the electrical and thermal conductivities in these nanostructures. We report results of the measurements of Hall mobility and thermal conductivity in a set of quantum dot supe…
Mesoporous high surface area and high crystallinity MO2 (M=Ti, Ce, Zr, and Hf) and their mixed oxides powders were synthesized by a modified sol–gel method using laurylamine hydrochloride, metal alkoxide and acetylacetone. The prepared powders had a crystalline size of about 5–15 nm, a specific surface area of 44–80 m…
Aromatic polyimides (PIs) containing thioether (–S–) or disulfide (–S–S–) groups in their molecular structures were prepared to attain high refractive index (nav) and large thermo-optic coefficient (dnav/dT). These PIs exhibit higher nav than the respective ether (–O–) containing PIs, which is due to the large polariz…
The photophysical properties of 2,7,12,17-tetraphenylporphycene (TPPo) and its palladium(II) (PdTPPo) and copper(II) (CuTPPo) complexes as well as comparisons with those of their porphyrin counterparts are reported. All porphycenes absorb in the red part of the spectrum, but only TPPo shows fluorescence (ΦF = 0.15). T…
One-dimensional polymeric complexes consisting of alternating dicopper(II) and digadolinium(III) units exhibited ferrimagnetic behavior which was ascribable to antiferromagnetic coupling across the oximate N-O bridges between the high-spin homodinuclear units.
A new series of -based oxides of the general formula , where , was prepared by a citrate-nitrate combustion process, and the electrical and thermal properties were evaluated. Electrical conductivity measurements on the sintered samples confirmed that all the compositions underwent a phase transition below with a conco…