Materials Literature
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Ferroelectric domain structure and evolution in (110)-cut relaxor ferroelectric (PbMg1∕3Nb2∕3O3)0.75(PbTiO3)0.25 (PMN-25PT) single crystal have been studied by means of temperature-dependent piezoresponse force microscopy. It revealed that, during heating, the as-grown PMN-25PT single crystal exhibits a transition fro…
The residual thermal stress in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) with varying number of layers was analyzed using finite element analysis, in order to find the links among the dielectric constant, the number of layers, and the stress state. In the active region of the MLCC, the in-plane stresses in a ceramic layer…
The effects of crystal packing on protein loop structures are examined by (1) a comparison of loops in proteins that have been crystallized in alternate packing arrangements, and (2) theoretical prediction of loops both with and without the inclusion of the crystal environment. Results show that in a minority of cases…
The microstructure of the Si nanocrystals (Si nc) has been investigated using conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). For most of the nanocrystals $(>90%)$ larger than 10 nm, HRTEM observations show that they are formed by the coalescence of smaller ones. Two kinds of coalescence,…
By exploiting the shape-memory effect in NiTi, it is demonstrated for the first time that a metallic material can be used for rewriteable, thermomechanical data storage. Data are written as surface indentations by a nanoscale mechanical probe, read by a transducer, and erased by heating. A data array with a storage de…
Abstract In this study, a novel reactive blending process was developed for producing poly(vinyl chloride)/thermoplastic polyurethane (PVC/TPU) blends. An alternative to melt or solution blending, the advantages to such a blending technique are fewer processing steps and less cost, no solvent removal, reduced PVC degr…
The mechanisms for the formation and oxidation of Si nanoclusters (Si-ncls) are elucidated by means of the study of their effects on the photoluminescence of Er in Er-doped Si-rich SiOx (x<2) films. We find that the light emission of Er is the most intense in films with a Si concentration of ∼40% after annealin…
An instrument for the definition of absolute temperature on the scale of one micron based on the measurement of Johnson noise in a small metallic resistor has been constructed. The instrument uses conventional monolithic amplifiers and signal processing circuitry and a custom sensor fabricated by bulk micromachining a…
The second- and fourth-order apparent orientational order parameters of the core part of the molecule ${⟨{P}_{2}⟩}_{\mathrm{app}}$ and ${⟨{P}_{4}⟩}_{\mathrm{app}}$, have been measured by polarized vibrational Raman spectroscopy for a homogeneously aligned ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal with three dimethyl siloxa…
Water-soluble CdS nanocrystals functionalized with tiopronin have been developed by using a straightforward and economical methodology. These quantum dots are biocompatible with hTERT-BJ1 human fibroblasts. The functionalization of the quantum dots with a translocation peptide has allowed them to penetrate the cell me…
We report results of dielectric investigations on a number of ferroelectric liquid crystalline (FLC) compounds with different degrees of layer shrinkage in the smectic-A(*) -smectic-C(*) phase transitions. With a decreasing extent of layer shrinkage the investigated FLCs exhibit a significantly increasing soft-mode ab…
The structure, chemical composition, and optical properties of tungsten trioxide thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition were investigated. An ultraviolet KrF* excimer laser (λ=248nm, τFWHM≅20ns, ν=2Hz) was used for irradiation of tungsten trioxide targets in oxygen atmosphere. Our research focused on the effect o…
This paper covers new results on the subjects of thermal stability and performance data for high-temperature SmCo magnets in periodic permanent magnet configurations. Based on several years of experiments and observations, these high-temperature magnets are metallurgically stable at temperatures up to 550/spl deg/C. F…
Alignment of magnetic nanoparticles in nanotubes (see Figure) is produced using magnetic bacteria. The protein- and lipid-coated nanocrystals are extracted from the bacteria, and then introduced into peptide nanotubes where they are anchored by hydrogen bonding. The aligned nanoparticles behave as magnetic nanowires,…
Using solvation techniques we explore the dynamics of nanoconfined and interfacial supercooled liquids near their glass transition temperatures. Confinement is accomplished by the use of porous glasses with pore diameters between 4 and $7.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, and by microemulsions with droplet siz…
Abstract Aromatic polyamides based on poly( m ‐xylylene adipamide) (MXD‐based polyamides) and poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide) (HMD‐based polyamides) were examined. Insight into the excellent gas‐barrier properties was obtained by the characterization of the effect of water sorption on the thermal transitions, densi…
Abstract Photocurable biodegradable multiblock copolymers were synthesized from poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) diol and poly( L ‐lactide) (PLLA) diol with 4,4′‐(adipoyldioxy)dicinnamic acid (CAC) dichloride as a chain extender derived from adipoyl chloride and 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, and they were characterized with Fouri…
Norbornadiene (N) is used as an isolated guest in a host (the crystalline phase of robust syndiotactic polystyrene polymer films) and its valence photoisomerization to quadricyclane (Q) in it has been achieved. The product maintains the positional and orientational order of the reactant with respect to the polymeric c…
A new colored electro-optical film obtained by means of an oriented cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) confined in droplets dispersed in an organic-monomer matrix is presented. The cholesteric LC pitch can be adjusted using a photosensitive chiral material in order to produce the three primary reflected colors (see Figur…
Nanoporous thin polymer films have been produced by a simple two-step approach using metallo-supramolecular block copolymers as the starting materials. The first step is the self-assembly of the copolymer, yielding cylindrical microdomains oriented normal to the substrate. The second step involves the opening of the m…