Materials Literature
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In the course of refining atomic protein structures, one often encounters difficulty with molecules that are unusually flexible or otherwise disordered. We approach the problem by combining two relatively recent developments: simultaneous refinement of multiple protein conformations and highly constrained refinement.…
The syntheses of Cu(PO 3 ) 2 , Cu 2 P 2 O 7 , Cu 4 P 2 O 9 , Cu 5 P 2 O 10 , Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and Cu 2 PO 4 were accomplished by several new solid‐state routes. Attempts to synthesize CuPO 3 were unsuccessful, and it is suspected that this compound, which is reported in the literature, may not exist. The thermal stabi…
Defines the purpose of this research as to design a coverall for fire fighting, with special emphasis on sizing and fit to maximize wearer comfort and mobility, as well as incorporate design features which would improve the functionality of the garment. Uses a structured functional apparel design approach to develop g…
The accommodation of In2O3 in the ZnO wurtzite structure was investigated using a combination of atomistic simulation and HREM techniques. At low concentrations, indium ions are incorporated on zinc sites with creation of zinc vacancies to maintain charge neutrality; defect clustering involving two indium substitution…
In Part I of this paper, two governing equations have been derived that describe the shape of a falling liquid sheet (a curtain) subjected to ambient pressure disturbances. These equations are termed varicose and sinuous. The varicose equation governs thickness variations in the curtain, for which the two air–liquid i…
Hydrogarnets Sr 3 M 2 (OH) 12 (M = Cr, Fe, and Al) were synthesized from mild hydrothermal systems at 240 °C with Sr(OH) 2 ·8H 2 O, Cr(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O, Fe(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O, and Al(OH) 3 as the starting materials. High solubility of the input species and basic concentration in the reaction systems considerably lower c…
Oxidation of fiber/matrix interfaces can degrade the strength and toughness of ceramic composites containing non‐oxide constituents. Oxidation can occur when the fiber ends are exposed or in the presence of cracks. Theoretical considerations indicate that, contrary to popular belief, oxide fiber coatings should be wor…
Self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) constructed from alkanethiols, whose surface composition and wettability can be rigorously characterized, were used to investigate bacterial adhesion to surfaces. Mixtures of methyl‐terminated and hydroxyl‐terminated alkanethiols were used to produce a series of SAMs with different wet…
The monomers bis(2-thienyl)-9,9-didecylfluorene, BTDF, and bis(3,4-(ethylenedioxy)thien-2-yl)-9,9-didecylfluorene, BEDOT-DF, have been synthesized and electropolymerized to the corresponding conducting polymers. The potential for the electropolymerization of BTDF was found to be dependent on the solvent composition. I…
Two catalytically inactive mutant forms of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase, Y85A and K273A, were mixed in low concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl). About 15% of the wild-type activity was recovered (theoretical 25% for a binomial distribution), proving that the functional unit of the enz…
Abstract The crystal structure of synthetic deuterated kaolinite was refined by Rietveld analysis using time-of-flight (TOF) neutron powder diffraction data. For non-hydrogen atoms, Cl symmetry was assumed. Starting models were tested in which only the direction of O-D vectors was varied. The constraints were introduc…
Some specific features of the microphase separation in molten ternary ABC triblock copolymers (in particular, modifications of the molten AB diblock copolymers by attaching a short third block C strongly incompatible with both A and B blocks) are studied rigorously within the framework of the weak segragation approach…
The crystal structure of adenylate kinase from maize ligated with an inhibitor has been determined by molecular replacement and refined to 3.5-A resolution. The enzyme keeps the ATP/ADP/AMP equilibrium in the cell. In the C4 plant maize, it has the special task to recycle the AMP produced in large amounts in primary C…
Various oxide-promoted Ni catalysts supported on activated carbon were prepared, and the effect of promoters on the surface structure and properties of Ni catalysts was studied. Physical adsorption (N 2 adsorption), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and…
A method for sample work-up and enrichment using Supported Liquid Membrane (SLM) and liquid chromatographic determination of triazine herbicides in natural waters was investigated. A porous PTFE membrane was impregnated with a water immiscible organic solvent, forming a barrier between two aqueous phases. With a flowi…
The U.S. cotton classification system has been undergoing significant changes, moving from human classing to the use of precise instruments. Along with this trend, the current research is an effort to develop a new computer vision system to measure detailed trash and color attributes of raw cotton. The system primaril…
Abstract Electrical resistivity and morphology of high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/styrene‐isoprene‐styrene copolymer (SIS)/carbon black (CB) blends were studied. Conductive CB particles locale preferentially within the HIPS phase of the HIPS/SIS blends. The blends studied remain conductive as long as HIPS maintains a c…
An aluminosilicate glass of composition 61SiO 2 6Al 2 O 3 10MgO6ZnO·12Li 2 O·5TiO 2 (mol%) has been prepared by a melting process and investigated as far as crystallization is concerned. Glass‐ceramic is easily obtained because glass shows a high tendency to crystallize starting from 700°C. The crystalline phases evol…
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA-7, PERKIN ELMER) is a very useful device for determining the thermal expansion and the low-frequency elastic compliances of crystals. The complex compliances can be measured in a frequency range from 10mHz to 50Hz and for temperatures between 6 and 1300K. A great advantage is that also…
Abstract The adsorption of the cationic dye acridine orange (AO) by Na-saponite and the colloidal properties of the aqueous suspension were investigated by visible spectroscopy and XRD. The organic cation is adsorbed by the mechanism of cation exchange. When small amounts of the dye are adsorbed, the system contains s…