Materials Literature
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Probable reasons why some protein crystals grown in a magnet exhibited better quality than control are discussed as follows. (1). Sedimenting three-dimensional nuclei are able to have the same orientation as the underlying, mother crystal into which the nuclei merge. (2). Protein solution may become more viscous, lead…
3,4-Alkylenedioxy ring functionalized thiophenes (XDOT’s) have been synthesized by double Mitsunobu reactions to yield precursors to monomers for conjugated and electrically conducting polymers, including the commercially important 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT).
Recent discoveries have demonstrated that some synthetic and natural olenite tourmalines contain less than the putative Si 6.00 p.f.u. , with the deficiencies in the tetrahedral sites being filled by excess boron (above B 3.00 p.f.u. ), existing as [4] B. Conversely, examination of the original study on natural olenit…
Gellified media prevent convection and crystal sedimentation, and provide an attractive growth environment for optimising biological crystals. Agarose gels are particularly easy to use and they are compatible with most of the common crystallization methods. They also offer new possibilities like counter-diffusion tech…
Cryo-etch-HRSEM is introduced as a useful method for exploring colloidal systems. The method fast freezes an aqueous sample (to -105 degrees C in 6-7 ms), removes some or all of the surface water by sublimation (etching), and magnifies the resulting colloidal structure by up to a million. Three new structurally simila…
The effects of grain boundaries on the characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films were investigated by locating the top electrode within grain, on the line boundary, or on the grain-boundary intersection in a controlled manner. It turned out that, when there was no grain boundary in the area measured, excellent f…
Heteropoly salt Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 is a highly efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst for the liquid-phase acylation of toluene or anisole with C2 – C12 aliphatic carboxylic acids.
Chemically modified mica sheets have been tested as heterogeneous nucleant surfaces for lysozyme, concanavalin A and thaumatin. Smooth mica surfaces with reduced hydrophilic properties and different density of ionisable groups have been prepared by a silanisation reaction using mixtures of n-propyltriethoxysilane and…
Photocurrent time-of-flight experiments are used to study the transport properties of hole-conducting nematic liquid crystals. Nondispersive transients are observed and a value of $4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ is…
Luminescent materials with liquid-crystalline properties at room temperature were obtained by doping the nematic liquid-crystal host matrices MBBA and 5CB with the europium(III) β-diketonate complex [Eu(TTA)3(phen)]; very well resolved crystal-field fine structure is observed in the europium(III) emission spectra.
The crystallisation pressure exerted by protein crystals growing in agarose gel does not disrupt the gel network. However, protein crystals trap agarose fibres when they grow in agarose gels. The fibres of agarose are distributed randomly in the crystals explaining why they do not appreciably affect the diffraction qu…
We describe a density functional theory for mixtures of hard sphere (HS) colloids and ideal polymers, the Asakura–Oosawa model. The geometry-based fundamental measures approach which is used to construct the functional ensures the correct behaviour in the limit of low density of both species and in the zero-dimensiona…
The osmotic second virial coefficient, B(22), has become the quantity most widely used in developing a rational understanding of protein crystallization. In this work a novel method of measuring B22 using self-interaction chromatography (SIC) is presented that is at least an order of magnitude more efficient than trad…
Vanadium−cerium oxide catalysts, with different V/Ce atomic ratios, were prepared using vanadyl oxalate (VOC 2 O 4 ) impregnated on ceria (CeO 2 ) as precursors. Subsequently, the freshly prepared solids were calcined under a flow of dried air at different temperatures from 400 to 800 °C. These solids have been charac…
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra of an individual multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) with the innermost diameter ∼1 nm, prepared by hydrogen arc discharge, show a single peak of radial breathing mode and multiple splitting of the tangential stretching G-band modes. Based on Lorentzian line shape analysis and…
The storage capacities of porous materials made up of carbon nanotubes are estimated by Monte Carlo simulations for the specific case of hydrogen in the pressure domain from 0.1 to 20 MPa at temperatures of 293, 150 and 77 K. The use of these materials in devices for hydrogen storage is discussed on the basis of the s…
A delicate control of reaction conditions allows the isolation of several distinctively different iron complexes of tris(pentafluorophenyl)- and tris(2,6-dichlorophenyl)corrole. As long as coordinating ligands are present, the iron(III) complexes are stable in solution. Otherwise they are aerobically oxidized to eithe…
We investigate the yielding and flow of hard-sphere colloidal glasses by combining rheological measurements with the technique of light scattering echo. The polymethylmethacrylate particles used are sufficiently polydisperse that crystallization is suppressed. Creep and recovery measurements show that the glasses can…
We have studied the adsorption of H2O molecules on a single-wall carbon nanotube (NT) using first-principles gradient-corrected density-functional theory. Subsequently, Green’s function-based Landauer–Büttiker multichannel formalism within a tight-binding model is used to calculate the electron transport, and our resu…
We report new results on drainage and coarsening of aqueous foams. We show that these two effects can strongly interfere, enhancing the drainage velocity. Without coarsening, we have performed free-drainage experiments, in which local drainage rates are measured by electrical conductivity and by light scattering techn…