Materials Literature
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A theory for charge transport in dielectrics via tunneling between traps was developed. Unlike in the Frenkel model, in the present theory the traps are characterized with the thermal and optical ionization energies, and ionization proceeds by the multi-phonon mechanism. The theory predicts the tunneling between such…
Growth of wide bandgap material over narrow bandgap material, results into a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the heterointerface due to the conduction band discontinuity. In this paper the 2DEG transport properties of AlGaN/GaN-based high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is discussed and its effect on variou…
The fractional slots tooth concentrated windings are characterized with high space MMF harmonics which results to undesirable effects on electric machine, such as localised core saturation, eddy current loss in the rotor and noise and vibration. A new and high efficiency method is presented in this paper to reduce sim…
Normally-off GaN transistors for power applications in p-type GaN gate technology with a modified carbon-doped GaN buffer are presented. A combination of an AlGaN back-barrier with the carbon-doped buffer prevents early off-state punch-through. Simultaneously, the on-state resistance could be kept low and the threshol…
The rapidly evolving crisis of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms has contributed to the rise of patient morbidity and mortality from nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Therefore, innovative antimicrobial technology targeting mechanisms to which the bacteria are unlikely to evolve resistance is urge…
Loss models of inductive components are thoroughly investigated, thereby all different aspects of loss modeling are considered. The impact of peak-to-peak flux density ΔB, frequency f, DC premagnetization HDC, temperature T, core shape, minor and major loops, flux waveform, and material on core loss calculation are co…
An efficient method for synthesis of hydrophobically modified starch without using organic solvents is described. The esterification of starch was performed with long chain fatty acid chlorides (C8, C12, C16), in two steps. In the first step, native starch was dispersed in an alkali reaction medium, and in the second…
We consider the problem of autonomously bringing an article of clothing into a desired configuration using a general-purpose two-armed robot. We propose a hidden Markov model (HMM) for estimating the identity of the article and tracking the article's configuration throughout a specific sequence of manipulations and ob…
Micrometer-scale encapsulated gas bubbles, known as ultrasound contrast agents, are used in ultrasound medical diagnostics for enhancing blood-tissue contrast during an ultrasonic examination. They are also employed in therapy as an activator of drug incorporation or extravasation. Adequate modeling of the effect of e…
This article presents a survey on failures, monitoring, and new trends of power transformers. There are three main types of power transformers, namely, oil immersed, gas-insulated, and dry-type transformers with or without cast coil insulation system. Operating stresses of power transformers have increased due to the…
In this study, we have investigated the influence of an external electric field on the electronic properties of the ground and excited states and studied the linear and the third-order nonlinear optical properties (i.e., absorption coefficients and refractive indices) in a spherical semiconductor quantum dot of a para…
Torrefaction is a slow pyrolysis process that is carried out in the relatively low temperature range of 220–300°C. The influence of torrefaction as a pretreatment on biomass gasification technology was investigated using a bench-scale torrefaction unit, a bench-scale laminar entrained-flow gasifier, and the analysis t…
Version 6 of the Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation (SCALE) computer software system developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, released in February 2009, contains significant new capabilities and data for nuclear safety analysis and marks an important update for this software package, which is u…
The calculation of fuel isotopic compositions is essential to support design, safety analysis, and licensing of many components of the nuclear fuel cycle—from reactor physics and severe accident analysis to back-end fuel cycle issues, including spent-fuel storage and transportation, reprocessing, and radioactive waste…
International audience
Fullerenes as a unique class of carbon allotropes have been studied extensively for their distinctive material properties and potential technological applications, including those in biology and medicine. Since a major focus in the latter has been on drug development and formulation, in this paper we highlight some re…
Fundamentals of Power Systems Line Constant Calculations Capacitance of Transmission Lines Performance of Lines High Voltage DC Transmission Corona Mechanical Design of Transmission Lines Overhead Line Insulators Insulated Cables Voltage Control Neutral Grounding Transients in Power Systems Protective Relays Circuit B…
Previous studies indicate that biochar additions sometimes increase soil respiration and CO2 emissions which could partially offset C credits associated with soil biochar applications. Little is known, however, about the impact of biochar on the mineralization of manure in soil systems and how interactions between bio…
The shear textures that develop in friction stir welds are reviewed and discussed. In all the materials examined, including face centred cubic (fcc), body centred cubic (bcc) and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) materials, friction stir welding produces a predominant shear texture with the close-packed directions aligned…
Although N fertilizers are not acidic, their inputs to soil are acid forming. As a result of the long-term use of N fertilizers, soils in the Great Plains are becoming more acidic and this acidity may become a yield-limiting factor. In 1970, long-term plots were initiated to compare sources (anhydrous NH3, NH4NO3, ure…