Materials Literature
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A reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) is a SOFC that can function efficiently under both power generation mode for electricity production and electrolysis mode for hydrogen/chemical production. The RSOFC thus can be used as a fuel cell or an electrolysis cell or both depending on the application. Multi-cell RSOFC…
The understanding of the mechanisms of helium bubble formation and evolution in materials requires the quantitative determination of several key quantities such as the helium density in the bubbles. Helium nanobubbles of about 16 nm in diameter were created in silicon by helium implantation at high fluence and subsequ…
Results from a 4000 h test of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack operated in the H2O electrolyser mode are reported. The stack, which consisted of 5 cells with electrolyte supported cells of each 100 cm2 active area, was operated at 820°C under a current density of -0.4 Acm-2, an absolute feed gas humidity of 90%, a…
Heterostructures were fabricated by growing Pr0.6Ca0.4MnO3 (PCMO) films on Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 substrates. It was shown that the magnetizations of the samples can be tuned dramatically by electric fields via piezostrain and the effect is dominated by the change in phase separation. More interestingly, the electri…
Diamond crystallization in phosphorus–carbon systems was studied at high pressures and high temperatures of 6.3 and 7.5 GPa and 1400–1850 °C. To allow for the crystallization kinetics, the run times were set as long as 40–60 h. As a result, the range of the pressure–temperature ( P–T ) conditions of diamond nucleation…
Charge separation at the interface between CdSe and CdTe quantum dots was investigated by comparing the photoconductivity of films consisting of only CdSe or CdTe quantum dots to that of films with alternating layers of CdSe and CdTe quantum dots. The photoconductivity for alternating layers is three times higher than…
We report on the fabrication of Cu(x)O-TiO(2) (x = 1, 2) nanomaterials by an unprecedented vapor-phase approach. The adopted strategy involves the growth of porous Cu(x)O matrices by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), followed by the controlled dispersion of TiO(2) nanoparticles. The syntheses are performed on…
The current paper reports the details of challenges and progress in the joint project on development of metal supported solid oxide fuel cells and stacks by the teams of German Aerospace Center (DLR), ElringKlinger, Sulzer Metco and Plansee. An account of the materials is given followed by the advances in the processi…
Sulfur poisoning effect on the electrochemical performance and long-term durability of SOFC cathodes has been investigated for (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3 (LSM) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) up to 1000 hours. Gradual degradation of performance occurred, associated with the formation of strontium sulfate, which depended o…
We study the spin polarization in the conduction band of Co${}_{2}$FeSi layers with a different degree of structural order. The injected spin polarization in Co${}_{2}$FeSi/(Al,Ga)As spin light-emitting diodes as well as the planar Hall effect measured for the Co${}_{2}$FeSi injectors exhibit a sign reversal between i…
We analyze the glassy dynamics of binary mixtures of hard disks in two dimensions. Predictions of the mode-coupling theory (MCT) are tested with extensive Brownian dynamics simulations. Measuring the collective particle density correlation functions in the vicinity of the glass transition, we verify four predicted mix…
Ceres Power has been developing fuel cell stacks and mCHP systems based on its unique metal-supported SOFC design incorporating a Gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) electrolyte operating in the 450-600°C temperature range. The present generation of cells being manufactured are designed to meet the commercial requirements for…
Abstract Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was blended as a novel plasticizer with polybutylene succinate (PBS) in a twin‐screw extruder. The effects of ESO on the mechanical and thermal properties of the PBS/ESO blends were investigated by means of tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical…
A novel hollow-core photonic crystal fiber platform was used for the first time to observe clear vibrational modes of the CdTe core, CdS(0.7)Te(0.3) interface, and carboxylate-metal complexes in dilute aqueous CdTe quantum dot (QD) solutions. These modes demonstrate the presence of crystalline cores, defects, and surf…
Drug delivery technologies represent a vast, vital area of research and development in pharmaceuticals. The demand for innovative drug delivery systems continues to grow, driving a variety of new developments. Drug Delivery Systems, Third Edition provides a comprehensive review of the latest research and development o…
The synthesis of “smart structured” conducting polymers and the fabrication of devices using them are important areas of research. However, conducting polymeric materials that are used in devices are susceptible to degradation due to oxygen and moisture. Thus, protection of such devices to ensure long-term stability i…
Abstract The influence of quasi‐static straining and relaxation at fixed strain on carbon black networking in elastomers is investigated by simultaneous stress and piezo‐resistivity measurements. The mechanical and the electrical response are analyzed in the framework of the dynamic flocculation model considering the…
Abstract New polymer blends of polypropylene random copolymer (PP‐R) and poly(ethylene‐octene) (POE) were prepared by melt‐blending process using a corotating twin‐screw extruder. The POE content was varied up to 35%. The toughening efficiency of POE for PP‐R was evaluated by the mechanical properties of the resulted…
We demonstrate that the average nanocrystallite size and size distribution can be used as control parameters to respectively tune the peak value and the width-at-half-maximum of the isothermal magnetic entropy change or the adiabatic temperature change during the magnetization process (magnetocaloric effect) such that…
The characterization of operated SOFC stacks is one important possibility to i) develop novel materials, ii) to optimize cell microstructures, iii) to understand interactions during start-up, operation and shut-down, iv) to analyse unwanted interruptions or stack failure, v) to control manufacturing quality and vi) to…