Materials Literature
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Parametric dependences of the heat flux footprint on the outer divertor target plate are explored in EDA H-mode and ohmic L-mode plasmas over a wide range of parameters with attached plasma conditions.Heat flux profile shapes are found to be independent of toroidal field strength, independent of power flow along magne…
Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen (H₂) and play a key role in the energy metabolism of microorganisms in anaerobic environments. The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1, which assimilates organic carbon coupled with the reduction of elemental sulfur (S⁰) or H₂ g…
Growing interest in nanoscale organic-inorganic hybrid network polymer materials is driving exploration of new bulk and thin film synthesis reaction mechanisms. Molecular layer deposition (MLD) is a vapor-phase deposition process, based on atomic layer deposition (ALD) which proceeds by exposing a surface to an altern…
Microwave heating of commercial microwavable polypropylene packaging in contact with fatty food simulants caused significant antioxidant degradation and increased specific migration as shown by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Degradation of the antio…
Diblock copolymers with a crystalline poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFDMS) core-forming block have been previously shown to self-assemble in selective solvents for a coblock such as polyisoprene (PI) to form cylindrical micelles (where the material is asymmetric, with a PI:PFDMS block ratio of ca. >5:1) or platelets…
Hollow core–shell mesoporous TiO 2 spheres have been synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction without surfactant, followed by firing at 500 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) data reveal a mesoporous and…
A step-by-step theoretical protocol based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT at both the molecular and periodic levels is proposed for the design of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices including dyes and electrolyte additives. This computational tool is tested with a fused polycyclic pyridi…
Room temperature spasing of surface plasmon polaritons at 1.46 μm wavelength has been demonstrated by sandwiching a gold-film plasmonic waveguide between optically pumped InGaAs quantum-well gain media. The spaser exhibits gain narrowing, the expected transverse-magnetic polarization, and mirror feedback provided by c…
Experiments in Alcator C-Mod in (Enhanced D-alpha) EDA H-modes with extrinsic impurity seeding (N2, Ne, and Ar) have demonstrated a direct correlation between plasma energy confinement and edge power flow, achieving values of H98 ≥ 1 for edge power flows only marginally exceeding the scaled power for access to H-mode…
Al-doped LiMn 2 O 4 nanotubes have been synthesized using β-MnO 2 nanotubes as self-templates. Singe-crystalline structure of the Al-doped spinel was verified by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction techniques. Galvanostatic charge/discharge tests indicate that the Al…
Nitrogen (N)-doped graphitic layers were deposited as shells on pregrown silicon nanowires by chemical vapor deposition. Graphite-like and pyridine-like structures were selectively chosen for 3 and 10% N doping, respectively. Increasing the thickness of the undoped graphitic layers from 20 to 50 nm led to an increase…
We report a 790 nm pumped, Tm³⁺ doped ZBLAN glass buried waveguide laser that produces 47 mW at 1880 nm, with a 50% internal slope efficiency and an M² of 1.7. The waveguide cladding is defined by two overlapping rings created by femtosecond direct-writing of the glass, which results in the formation of a tubular depr…
Gold nanoparticles functionalized with thiol-modified DNA have been widely used in making various nanostructures, colorimetric biosensors, and drug delivery vehicles. Over the past 15 years, significant progress has been made to improve the stability of such functionalized nanoparticles. The stability of the gold-thio…
Electrochemical-coupling layer-by-layer (ECC-LbL) assembly is introduced as a novel fabrication methodology for preparing layered thin films. This method allows us to covalently immobilize functional units (e.g., porphyrin, fullerene, and fluorene) into thin films having desired thicknesses and designable sequences fo…
Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the adsorption of propane, propene, and C and H atoms on Pt and PtSn surfaces employing the revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (RPBE) and vdW-DF functionals. Propane adsorption was found to be mediated by van der Waals interactions without significant si…
Coupling between superradiant and subradiant mode resonators in a metamaterial unit cell plays an important role in observing the sharp transparency peak due to destructive interference between the resonators. This effect is enhanced as the resonators are brought closer to each other in a conventional planar arrangeme…
Aqueous nanoparticle dispersions of a series of three low-band-gap polymers poly[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo(1,2-b:4,5-b')dithiophene-alt-5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-5,5'-diyl] (P1), poly[(4,4'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole)-2,6-diyl-alt-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-4…
The femtosecond-resolved evolution of the emission spectrum of the important conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is presented. Detailed fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy was performed on P3HT solid-state films and on P3HT in chlorobenzene solution. Two excitation wavelengths and several emission wav…
The composite of different semiconductor nanoparticles may facilitate the charge separation and transfer because the difference in the band edge positions creates the potential gradient at the composite interface. For this purpose, the CdS–TiO 2 –WO 3 ternary hybrid was successfully synthesized and characterized for t…
We present a scaling formula for size-dependent viscosity coefficients for proteins, polymers, and fluorescent dyes diffusing in complex liquids. The formula was used to analyze the mobilities of probes of different sizes in HeLa and Swiss 3T3 mammalian cells. This analysis unveils in the cytoplasm two length scales:…