Materials Literature
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We propose an explanation for the self-organization towards criticality observed in martensites during the cyclic process known as `training'. The scale-free behavior originates from the interplay between the reversible phase transformation and the concurrent activity of lattice defects. The basis of the model is a co…
Two new highly hyperpolarizable chromophores, based on N,N- bis-(4-methoxyphenyl) aryl-amino donors and phenyl-trifluoromethyl-tricyanofuran (CF3-Ph-TCF) acceptor linked together via pi-conjugation through 2,5-divinylenethienyl moieties as the bridge, have been designed and synthesized successfully for the first time.…
Monodisperse ZnO:Eu nanocrystals were prepared by the codecomposition of metal acetylacetonate precursors in a mixture of oleylamine and 1-octadecene. They have been systematically characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasm…
A series of Zn 1− x Mg x O samples with dopant content ranging from x = 0 to 0.10 were prepared by a novel rheological phase reaction route. All Zn 1− x Mg x O samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, inductive coupled plasma optical emission spect…
In the present study, cobalt(II) oxide (CoO), which is hard to synthesize because of the chemical activity of cobalt metal, and the popular cobalt(II, III) oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) have been successfully produced in smooth and continuous nanofibrous form by using the electrospinning technique. An aqueous cobalt acetate tetra…
It has been an outstanding problem that a semiconducting host in the bulk form can be doped to a large extent, while the same host in the nanocrystal form is found to resist any appreciable level of doping rather stubbornly, this problem being more acute in the wurtzite form compared to the zinc blende one. In contras…
Monodisperse decahedral silver nanoparticles have been synthesized with excellent shape selectivity (>99%) by novel photochemical transformation of aqueous silver nanoparticle precursors. The procedure employs intense white light and is very robust and reproducible. The precursor solution transforms from a mixture of…
The long term moisturizing effect of ten different skin care products was tested on 22 female volunteers using a low frequency electrical bioimpedance instrument. We found large differences in the moisturizing effect between different products and also large interpersonal variations. Products which gave a large increa…
Abstract Experimental data on the diffusion coefficients of Fe, Mn, Mg, and Ca in garnets are generalized. Frequency factors (cm2/s), activation energies (cal/mole), and activation volumes (cm3/mole) are optimized. Based on the compensation law, the dependences of diffusion coefficients on pressure (kbar) and temperat…
The transition of gibbsite to boehmite is of interest with regard to high level waste processing associated with the Hanford and Savannah River sites. Both materials have been observed in core samples. From the temperature histories of the waste, it is possible that some fraction of gibbsite has been converted to boeh…
The growth of capped CdSe and CdS nanocrystals formed by the reaction of selenium or sulfur with cadmium stearate in toluene solution in the presence of dodecanethiol or trioctylphosphine oxide and tetralin, has been investigated by a variety of techniques to obtain reliable data. Whereas small angle X-ray scattering…
An acidichromic silyl spiropyran was synthesized and covalently immobilized on the surface of mesoporous silica (SBA-15) through either post-modification or a co-condensation route. The integration of the spiropyran into the porous silica was probed by thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption/desorption studies…
The U.S. Department of Energy plans to vitrify approximately 60,000 metric tons of high-level waste (HLW) sludge from underground storage tanks at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation. To reduce the volume of HLW requiring treatment, a goal has been set to remove a significant quantity of the aluminum, which comprises near…
The elastic, electronic and some thermodynamic properties of the non-oxide perovskite type superconductor MgCNi 3 under pressure are investigated by first-principles calculations. With the local density approximation as well as the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation, the ground state prope…
We have carried out constant pressure ab initio simulations to study the pressure-induced phase transition of silicon. The diamond to β-Sn phase change under hydrostatic pressure is successfully observed in the simulation. The transformation is based on a fourfold coordinated tetragonal intermediate state having the s…
Abstract Raman spectroscopy has been used to study the dimorphous selenite minerals chalcomenite, cobaltomenite and clinochalcomenite. Selenite minerals are characterised by the position of the symmetric stretching mode that is observed at higher wavenumbers than the anti‐symmetric stretching mode. The selenite ion ha…
The transmission of superconductor-graphene nanoribbon-superconductor junctions (SGS) has been studied by the non-equilibrium Green's function method. It is found that the on-site potential U in the center zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) of the SGS junction plays an important role in the magnitude of the supercurren…
Super carbon nanotubes (STs) are a kind of hierarchical structure built by carbon nanotubes (called CNT arm tubes). Due to their complicated structure, the mechanical properties of STs are difficult to predict. In this work, an invariability phenomenon is uncovered in the mechanical properties of STs: both the in-plan…
Transparent Yb3+-Er3+-Tm3+ co-doped nano-glass-ceramics have been prepared, 32(SiO2) 9(AlO1.5) 31.5(CdF2) 18.5(PbF2) 5.5(ZnF2): 3.5(Yb-Er-TmF3) mol%, where the co-dopants partition mostly to the fluoride PbF2-based nano-crystals. A comparative study of the up-conversion luminescence in nano-glass-ceramics and its prec…
Ruddlesden–Popper homologous series of Sr n +1 Ti n O 3 n +1 (2≤ n ≤5) compounds were synthesized with accumulating SrO monolayers and n unit cells of SrTiO 3 layers alternately in a pulsed-laser deposition. The successive deposition of these layers at a constant growth temperature ( T g ) of 780 °C resulted in a soli…