Materials Literature
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We report in this letter the observation of visible photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature from hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H)/amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) multilayers (MLs) prepared in a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system without any postprocessing. The PL peak wavelength can be contro…
Cooling (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 films from their pulsed laser deposition temperature in a reducing ambient yields a voltage offset in the polarization–voltage characteristics. Reversing the as-processed polarization at 120 °C nearly removes the offset. By reversing the polarization at room temperature and either heating the…
We have studied the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{*}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{*}$ threshold structures in the C $1s$ x-ray absorption spectrum of graphite using core level autoionization spectroscopy. We confirm that the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{*}$ threshold feature is an exciton. We find that the prominent ${\ensuremath{\…
If the temperature of a glass is continuously increased nucleation can start only after the nascent nuclei are able to escape the advancing critical size. In case the starting temperature T° exceeds the temperature of the maximum nucleation rate, corrections to the steady-state values of the number of nucleated partic…
The energy transfer from the long-lived states N2(W 3Δu, A 3Σ+u) to the radiating state N2(B 3Πg) in collisions with N2(X 1Σ+g) was studied under single collision conditions, employing a molecular beam/target gas cell arrangement. By means of using the isotopic species 14N2 in the metastable reactant beam and 15N2 in…
鉄筋コンクリート床版と剛飛来物を用いて衝撃実験を行った. 実験では, 床版に関しては板厚, コンクリート強度, また, 剛飛来物については先端形状をパラメーターとした. これらの実験結果をもとに, 飛来物の裏面剥離や貫通を防ぐために必要となる鉄筋コンクリート床版の板厚を求める設計評価を提案するとともに, 他の実験結果と比較し, その適用性を検証した.
Lattice melting is an unusual effect that occurs at the continuous structural phase transition belonging to the m = 2 universality class. Renormalization group theoretical studies have shown that the mean-squared atomic displacements are expected to diverge at this transition, much as they do in a conventional liquid–…
Hydrophobic photostable dye molecules such as perylenes or pyrromethenes were trapped in xerogel matrices. Using these new materials as solid-state dye lasers, we have demonstrated efficient laser operation. Slope efficiencies of up to 30% were obtained in the millijoule output-energy range. Tunabilities of up to 60 n…
Electron-hole excitations in the surface bands of GaAs(110) are analyzed using constrained density-functional theory calculations. The results show that Frenkel-type autolocalized excitons are formed. The excitons induce a local surface unrelaxation which results in a strong exciton-exciton attraction and makes comple…
As far as we know, Cr 2 Si 2 Te 6 is the first compound exhibiting a quasi-2D Ising ferromagnetic behaviour ( T c = 32 K): elastic-neutron-scattering experiments on a single crystal and close examination of the thermal evolution of the order parameter led to the critical exponent β ≈ 0.17, comparable to the expected o…
<italic>Inorganic Materials Chemistry</italic> begins by stating that the chemistry of solid inorganic materials has become a central theme in research and in the teaching of chemistry. This area is, however, often not given enough attention. Topics in this text include transition metal oxides, non-stoichiometry, zeol…
We calculate the effective charge for multimagnon infrared (IR) absorption assisted by phonons in the parent insulating compounds of cuprate superconductors and the spectra for two-magnon absorption using interacting spin-wave theory. Recent measured bands in the mid IR [Perkins et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 71} 1621 (…
Abstract Measurements using compact tension specimens machined from compression and injectionmolded plaques of polyoxymethylene show a systematic decrease in the plane‐strain critical stress intensity K IC for crack initiation with crystallization temperature and with molecular weight, but little change in the yield s…
Abstract Der Entwurf, die Synthese, die Charakterisierung und das Erarbeiten von grundlegendem Verständnis neuartiger molekularer und makromolekularer Systeme mit ausgeprägten, makroskopisch zu beobachtenden nichtlinearen optischen Eigenschaften ist ein intensiv bearbeitetes Forschungsgebiet im Grenzbereich zwischen m…
Abstract The protonation processes of polyaniline (PANI) were examined by means of both UV‐visible and fluorescence spectra and in situ UV‐visible and in situ electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra in order to understand he mechanism of proton doping in PANI. Results obtained from UV‐visible and fluorescence spectra of…
We examine two aspects of Stockmayer fluids which consists of point dipoles that additionally interact via an attractive Lennard-Jones potential. We perform Monte Carlo simulations to examine the effect of an applied field on the liquid-gas phase coexistence and show that a magnetic fluid phase does exist in the absen…
Enzymes are thought to use their ordered structures to facilitate catalysis. A corollary of this theory suggests that enzyme residues involved in function are not optimized for stability. We tested this hypothesis by mutating functionally important residues in the active site of T4 lysozyme. Six mutations at two catal…
In the present study magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of Tb(Fe1−xTx)2 (T=Mn, Ga) compounds were examined by magnetic measurement, Mössbauer, and x-ray study. Mössbauer study shows that the easy magnetization direction of the compounds may deviate slightly from the major axis of symmetry and the average isomer…
Na2Ti3Cl8 is a temperature-dependent magnetic switch. The switching process (= phase transition) takes places below room temperature and is accompanied by a drastic decrease in magnetic susceptibility and molar volume. The transition is attributed to the formation of [Ti3]6+ clusters (see diagram) by two-dimensional P…
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and tunneling spectroscopy have been used to investigate the local structural and electronic properties of boron-induced reconstructions on Si(001). Thermal decomposition of diborane produces three ordered reconstructions, which arise from ordered arrangements of three structural su…