Materials Literature
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We formulate a U(1) gauge theory of the Hubbard model in the slave-rotor representation. From this formalism it is argued that spin liquid phases may exist near the Mott transition in the Hubbard model on triangular and honeycomb lattices at half filling. The organic compound $\ensuremath{\kappa}\mathrm{\text{\ensurem…
Wet and dry: Titanium dioxide nanorod films with micro- and nanoscale hierarchical surface structures have been successfully prepared (left). The nanorod films, which show superhydrophobicity (middle), reversibly become superhydrophilic (right) when exposed to UV light. The mechanism involves the cooperation of the sp…
Complex perovskite oxides exhibit a rich spectrum of properties, including magnetism, ferroelectricity, strongly correlated electron behaviour, superconductivity and magnetoresistance, which have been research areas of great interest among the scientific and technological community for decades. There exist very few ma…
The changes in the electronic absorption spectra (UV-Vis) of some metallocene-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films containing chloroform molecules as impurities were studied after photoexcitation in the nitrogen atmosphere. Photoexcitations were made by monochromatic radiation (using a Xe-lamp source and…
The role of ``impurities'' or doping on the living polymerization of sulfur has been put under focus by means of a temperature dependent Raman study of the ${\mathrm{As}}_{x}{\mathrm{S}}_{100\ensuremath{-}x}$ and ${\mathrm{Se}}_{y}{\mathrm{S}}_{100\ensuremath{-}y}$ ($x=0.5,2,5$ and $y=2,5$) systems. Reduced isotropic…
Abstract The product distribution of the acid‐mediated condensation of dipyrromethanes and aldehydes was studied and a novel type of macrocycle phlorin‐dipyrrin conjugate was isolated and identified by X‐ray analysis. The generality of its formation from sterically hindered dipyrromethanes and pentafluorophenyldipyrro…
The lightly doped ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ system was investigated using x-ray diffraction and far-infrared spectroscopy in the insulating range for $x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.125$ on single crystalline samples. Special emphasis was set on the evolution of the Jahn-Teller (J…
Abstract Constant rate thermal analysis (CRTA) has been used for studying the kinetics of the carbothermal reduction of anatase in nitrogen. It is noteworthy to point out the ability of CRTA method for discriminating the kinetic law of solid‐state reactions with considerably higher precision than conventional (TG, DTA…
The low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) pattern of the step-kinked Pt{531} surface at 200 K shows energy-dependent cancellation of diffraction spots over unusually large energy ranges, up to 100 eV. This cannot be reproduced theoretically when a flat surface geometry is assumed. A relatively simple model of roughen…
Recent dielectric experiments have revealed a striking analogy between inorganic relaxor ferroelectrics and disordered organic ferroelectric polymers. We propose a model description of these relaxorlike polymers by considering a statistical ensemble of randomly oriented polar nanoregions, embedded in an amorphous matr…
We report on Raman scattering measurements of single crystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ ($x=0$, 0.06, 0.09, and 0.125), focusing on the high-frequency regime. We observe multiphonon scattering processes up to fourth order which show distinct features: (i) anomali…
Abstract The crystallization behavior of nylon 1212, irradiated at 60 Co γ‐rays (50 kGy), was studied by a rheometer, polarized optical microscopy (POM), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results showed that irradiated nylon 1212 samples exhibited abnormal crystallization behavior during the crystalliza…
Reaction between cationic units of carboxylate-bridged diruthenium complexes [Ru(2)(mu-O(2)CR)(4)](+) (R = Me, CMePh(2), CMe(3), CH(2)CH(2)OMe, C(Me)=CHEt, C(6)H(4)-p-OMe, Ph) and tetrabutylammonium perrhenate gives complexes with different arrangements in the solid state. Thus, the compounds Ru(2)(mu-O(2)CR)(4)(ReO(4…
Abstract The conversion of 12‐metallacrown‐4 complexes with copper( II ) in the central cavity to 15‐metallacrown‐5 complexes with lanthanide( III ) ions in the central cavity upon addition of trivalent lanthanide ions was analysed in solution by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), absorption spectroph…
Abstract Narrow fractions of a side‐chain acrylate oligomer/polymer with phenyl benzoate side chains are separated in a broad range of the degree of polymerization (7 ≤ P w ≤ 149). An examination of the phase behavior of the obtained fractions has shown that only the longer macromolecules can form the two‐dimensional…
The growth of silver at room temperature on the two polar faces of ZnO, (0001) Zn terminated and $(000\overline{1})$ O terminated, has been investigated in situ by using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS). On both surfaces, silver forms nanoclusters with (11…
Multilayer assemblies containing various cell-adhesive proteins such as gelatin, collagen IV, and laminin or polycations polylysine and poly(ethyleneimine) were immobilized on the polystyrene surface using the layer-by-layer technique based on hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged macro…
We report herein the effect of palladium on the redox electrochemistry of ferrocene monocarboxylic acid encapsulated within an organically modified sol-gel glass network (ORMOSIL). It has been found that amount of palladium and its geometrical distribution significantly alter the redox electrochemistry of FcMCA. The g…
For classical elasticity, the constitutive equations (Hooke’s law) have the same functional form for both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous materials. However, for strain-gradient elasticity, such is not the case. This paper shows that for strain-gradient elasticity with volumetric and surface energy (Casal’s continuum),…
Application of polynuclear metal clusters for phasing X-ray crystal structures of macromolecules is discussed. Their strong isomorphous and anomalous scattering signal is particularly useful for phasing structures of large macromolecules and complexes, especially at low resolution. The popularity of the metal clusters…