Materials Literature
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PURPOSE: The ability of remotely tagging tissues in a controlled and three-dimensional manner during preoperative imaging could greatly help surgeons to identify targets for resection. The authors' objective is to selectively and noninvasively deposit markers under image guidance for such internal tattooing. METHODS:…
Numerical simulations of early and intermediate instants of a plane two-dimensional drop impact on a preexisting thin film of the same liquid are performed. The evolution of the phenomenon is analyzed by solving the free-surface Navier–Stokes equations by means of a volume of fluid (VOF) method. Viscous, inertial and…
Protein phosphorylation is a central regulatory mechanism of cell signaling pathways. This highly controlled biochemical process is involved in most cellular functions, and defects in protein kinases and phosphatases have been implicated in many diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding phosphorylation-me…
Abstract Taking advantage of the bent uranyl-peroxide-uranyl interaction found in studtite, 26 nanoscale clusters have been synthesized using uranyl hexagonal bipyramids. Sixteen of these clusters are built from uranyl hexagonal bipyramids only. Eight contain pyrophosphate groups that bridge between uranyl polyhedra,…
Phase Change Memory (PCM) is one of the most promising technologies among emerging non-volatile memories. PCM stores data in crystalline and amorphous phases of the GST material using large differences in their electrical resistivity. Although it is possible to design a high capacity memory system by storing multiple…
This article presents the free and forced vibration characteristics of an FGPM beam under thermo-electro-mechanical loads using the higher-order shear deformation beam theory. The beam properties are assumed to vary through the thickness direction following the power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions o…
Aggressive scaling of transistors allows integration of hundreds of processors on a chip. However, on-chip interconnects carrying signals between different blocks will be the bottleneck for system performance and reliability. To tackle this problem, we developed an on-chip communication infrastructure based on a netwo…
Tourmaline is a ubiquitous accessory mineral in magmatic deposits, especially those of evolved compositions. It displays a high compositional sensitivity to the composition of its host environment, as well as pressure, temperature and f(O2). These characteristics make tourmaline an ideal monitor of the physical and ch…
Experiments with tourmaline-group minerals began with synthesis, and later, synthesis with the aim of defining pressure–temperature limits on the stability fields of end-member compositions. As a result, experiments have confirmed what has been evident from natural occurrences, that the common tourmaline-group mineral…
This paper assesses how simple small-angle scattering particle size evaluation models, such as Porod or Guinier radii, which have a normally limited validity range, may see this range extended to largerqvalues. This is shown to be particularly true for metallic systems, where the dispersion in particle size is always…
HOMO and LUMO of organic compounds are basic parameters for the design and fabrication of an organic solar cell. This paper presents a technique to obtain HOMO and LUMO of an n-type polymer of [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid 3-ethylthiophene ester (PCBE) and a p-type polymer of poly (3-octyl-thiophene-2, 5-diyl) (P3OT).…
We have developed an x-ray beam-position monitor for detecting the radiation properties of an x-ray free electron laser (FEL). It is composed of four PIN photodiodes that detect backscattered x-rays from a semitransparent diamond film placed in the beam path. The signal intensities from the photodiodes are used to com…
We report a simple one-pot strategy to prepare surface-function-alized, water-dispersible iron oxide nanoparticles. Small organic molecules that have desired functional groups such as amines, carboxylics, and thiols are chosen as capping agents and are injected into the reaction medium at the end of the synthesis. A d…
Teranthene—a molecular section of graphene: The surprising stability of teranthene at ambient conditions allowed its characterization, which pointed toward a high biradical contribution in the singlet ground state (see scheme). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with high singlet biradical character show high third-orde…
A nanocomposite of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) and polyaniline (PANi) was synthesized by in-situ chemical polymerization using aniline (ANi) monomer and TiCl(4) as precursors. SEM pictures show that the nanocomposite was created in the form of long PANi chains decorated with TiO(2) nanoparticles. FTIR, Raman and UV-Vis…
The low efficiency of the extensively investigatedvisible light photocatalyst N-TiO 2 has been widely assumed to be determined by the dynamics of the charge carriers. The nature of the photoelectrons and photoholes produced on the nanostructured (nc) N-TiO 2 film has been systematically investigated in this work by th…
Methods of Characterization of Deactivating Species and Aged Catalysts Deactivation Mechanisms: Poisoning, Fouling and Coking, Structural and Physical Degradations Prevention of Deactivation and Optimal Regeneration Industrial Examples: Catalytic Cracking (FCC), Methanol to Olefins (MTO), Aromatic Alkylation, Isomeriz…
The potential modulation and interface states of Al 2 O 3 /Al 0.25 Ga 0.75 N/GaN structures prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) were characterized by capacitance–voltage ( C – V ) measurements. We observed the peculiar C – V characteristics with two capacitance steps in forward and reverse bias regions, correspo…
Degradation mechanisms limiting the electrical reliability of GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are generally attributed to defect generation by hot-electrons but specific mechanisms for such processes have not been identified. Here we give a model for the generation of active defects by the release of hy…
As anyone with a healthy fear of sticking their fingers into a plug socket will know, the behaviour of electrons in different materials varies dramatically.