Materials Literature
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The boundary integral equation method (BIM) was one of the first methods in grating theory. It has been used for the investigation of diffraction gratings of extremely different kinds as well as for photonic crystal diffraction gratings. Besides an overview of three of the most important BIMs for in-plane diffraction,…
Riboflavin biosynthesis is an essential pathway in bacteria, in contrast to animals, which obtain riboflavin from their diet. Therefore, the enzymes involved in the riboflavin-biosynthesis pathway are potential targets for the development of antibacterial drugs. Lumazine synthase, an enzyme that is involved in the pen…
One-dimensional fused-azulene oligomers (n = 2-6) are studied with the effective valence bond as well as density functional theory methods. A nonferromagnetic (closed-shell singlet) to ferromagnetic (triplet) ground state transformation is witnessed with increasing length of oligomers. The computational results are in…
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been shown to be an effective technique for increasing the detection sensitivity in chemical and biological applications. SERS has a distinct advantage over normal Raman spectroscopy, with enhancements typically greater than 104 over the normal Raman signal; however, this…
Self-repairing structural systems have the potential for improved performance ranges and lifetimes over conventional systems. Self-healing materials are not a new phenomenon and have been used in automotive and aeronautical applications for over a century. The bulk of these systems operate by using damage to directly…
Where light-weight components are desired, e.g. in automotive and aerospace applications, magnesium can provide an important advantage over other structural materials such as aluminum and steel. The density of magnesium is two thirds that of aluminum and a quarter that of galvanized steel. The combination of low densi…
Field‐assisted sintering technique (FAST) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) apparatuses are based on the same technical principles, but differ in design. A current flows directly through the graphite pressing tool, which acts as heating element in both machines. The main differences are the pressing tool geometry and m…
Amorphous sol–gel‐derived fibers of 82 mol% Al 2 O 3 –18 mol% Y 2 O 3 were synthesized for structural and sintering investigations. Three sets of samples were fabricated by treatment up to 500°C in nitrogen (“N 2 500”), water vapor (“H 2 O500”), or an atmosphere that changed from evaporated nitric acid (up to 300°C) t…
The development of biodegradable implants has grown into one of the important areas in medical science (Mani et al., 2007), since they can be gradually dissolved, absorbed, consumed or excreted in human body environment, and then disappear spontaneously after the bone tissues heal. The biodegradable materials availabl…
Free radical scavenger biocompatible polymers are being used increasingly in biomedical applications due to their antioxidant activity. In this study, the biocompatible polymer poly(maleic anhydride- alt -butyl vinyl ether) 5% grafted with monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 MW (PEG) and 95% grafted with 2-methoxye…
The crystal structures of two new high-pressure AlPO(4) phases are reported. One phase synthesized at 6 GPa and 1523 K is triclinic (P1) whilst the other phase synthesized at 7 GPa and 1773 K is monoclinic (P2(1)/c). (31)P MAS (magic-angle spinning) NMR suggests three tetrahedral P sites with equal abundance in both p…
PbS quantum dots are promising active emitters for use with high-quality Si nanophotonic devices in the telecommunications-band. Measurements of low quantum dot densities are limited both because of low fluorescence levels and the challenges of single photon detection at these wavelengths. Here, we report on methods u…
Spinels are mixed oxides with general formula AB 2 O 4 , where A represents a divalent metal cation that usually occupies a tetrahedral site while B represents trivalent metal cation that normally occupies the octahedral sites of a cubic crystal structure. In normal spinel structure A 2+ and B 3+ occupy 8 tetrahedral…
The magnetostructural correlation was investigated in three organic radical cation salts based on the monocation of benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bis[1,3,2]dithiazolyl (BBDTA), which is an S = 1/2 system, and the tetrahedral diamagnetic monoanions, TlBr 4 − ( 1 ), TlI 4 − ( 2 ), and InI 4 − ( 3 ), by analysis of their crystal st…
In this study, models for estimating the cell density of isotropic polymeric foams using the surface cell density were developed. The basic morphological unit cell for these models is a gas-filled pentagonal dodecahedral cell cavity. The critical bubble lattice model was introduced to associate the packing structure o…
Porphyrine an der Hüfte vereint: Ein expandiertes Porphyrin mit zwei Porphyrin-ähnlichen {N4}-Taschen, die durch verbrückende Pyrazole verbunden sind, wurde synthetisiert. Strukturelle und spektroskopische Daten belegen das Fehlen eines makrocyclischen aromatischen π-Systems. In seinem Dikupferkomplex (siehe Bild) wir…
We used the hydrolysis‐assisted solidification (HAS) process to form the alumina green bodies from the suspensions. A total of 2.5 wt% of AlN powder, with respect to the solids content, was added to an aqueous alumina suspension containing 53.5 vol% of solids. During the hydrolysis of the AlN powder, the aluminum hydr…
The two-dimensional antiferromagnet [Cu(HF2)2(pyz)]n (pyz=pyrazine) has a rectangular lattice (see picture) displaying two types of FHF− bridging modes. The spin exchange through Cu-(FHF)2-Cu is about 90 % stronger than through Cu-pyz-Cu, and the μ1,1-coordinated FHF−, which is close in nature to F−⋅⋅⋅HF, is largely r…
Several studies have recently been dedicated towards understanding failure mechanisms in shape memory alloys. Many of these investigations indicate that triaxial stress and stress-concentration affect the fracture behavior of these materials. However, few have made an attempt to characterize the effect of these featur…
Here we prepared vertical and single crystalline porous silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays using the silver-assisted electroless etching method. The selenization was carried out by annealing the samples in vacuum with selenium atmosphere. The selenization treatment at 700 °C is useful for investigating the photoluminescen…