Materials Literature
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This paper evaluates current understanding of the negative difference effect (NDE) in the corrosion of magnesium. There is strong support for the existence of the unipositive magnesium ion and the unipositive Mg+ ion NDE mechanism has been shown to be useful in providing a framework within which it is possible to eval…
Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs), which have constituents with a typical chain length of C6-C14, are polyesters that are synthesized and accumulated in a wide variety of Gram-negative bacteria, mainly pseudomonads. These biopolyesters are promising materials for various applications because they ha…
Epitaxial self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) are of interest for nanostructured optoelectronic and electronic devices such as lasers, photodetectors and nanoscale logic. Spatial order and size order of SAQDs are important to the development of usable devices. It is likely that these two types of order are strongly li…
Stripe states in multilayer systems with perpendicular polarization are investigated by analytical calculations within a general continuum approach, applicable to ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, or ferroelastic nanoscale superlattices. The competition between the long-range depolarization effect and short-range interlay…
From first-principles calculations, we predict that transition metal (TM) atom doped silicon nanowires have a half-metallic ground state. They are insulators for one spin-direction, but show metallic properties for the opposite spin direction. At high coverage of TM atoms, ferromagnetic silicon nanowires become metall…
The formation of hollow metal oxide nanoparticles through the oxidation process at low temperatures from 295 to 423 K has been studied by transmission electron microscopy for Cu, Al, and Pb. For Cu and Al, hollow oxide nanoparticles are obtained as a result of vacancy aggregation in the oxidation processes, resulting…
BaFe 12 O 19 hexaferrite nanoparticles, containing cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), n -hexanol, and cyclohexane, were synthesized by a reverse microemulsion technique with a combination of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 and NH 3 ·H 2 O as precipitator. Barium ferrite nanoparticles with 30 nm diameter and uniform flaky structur…
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori Linn., a lepidopteran molecular model and an important economic insect that are emerging as an ideal molecular genetic resource for solving a broad range of biological problems. The silkworm, B. mori produces massive amount of silk proteins during the final stage of larval develo…
We report a case of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU syndrome) with full type Fanconi syndrome. A 32-year-old woman presented with fatigue, anorexia and weight loss. Laboratory findings showed anemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and moderate renal dysfunction. Tubular function abnormalities were no…
A type of superhydrophobic surface consists of a solid plane boundary with an array of grooves which, due to the effect of surface tension, prevent a complete wetting of the wall. The effect is greatest when the grooves are aligned with the flow. The pressure difference between the liquid and the gas in the grooves ca…
The upper limit performance potential of ballistic carbon nanoribbon MOSFETs (CNR MOSFETs) is examined. Calculation of the bandstructure of nanoribbons using a single pz-orbital tight-binding method and evaluation of the current-voltage characteristics of a nanoribbon MOSFET were used in a semiclassical ballistic mode…
50-nm diameter halloysite clay nanotubules with 15 nm lumen were used for loading poorly soluble drugs and sustaining their release. Loading was optimized by varying pH and alcohol/water ratio in the solvent with a maximum drug loading of 12 volume%. Near linear release of Dexamethasone, Furosemide, and Nifedipine was…
Titanium L 3,2 and O K electron energy loss near-edge structures (ELNES) of seven Ti oxides have been measured in a transmission electron microscope to obtain information on the valence state and site geometry of Ti. The coordination of Ti in all phases studied is octahedral, whereas the valence states occurring are T…
The impact of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the aquatic environment was investigated by examining the properties of raw CNTs under several environmental conditions and using developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The agglomerate size for single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) was significantly larger at pH 11 or greater and wa…
Wedge- and dumbbell-shaped amphiphilic perylene bisimides PBI 1 − 4 were synthesized. The wedge-shaped PBI 1 and PBI 2 and dumbbell-shaped PBI 4 self-assemble into micelles, and rod aggregates in aqueous solution, respectively. Interestingly, the co-self-assembly of wedge-shaped PBI 1 with dumbbell-shaped PBI 3 genera…
Small-angle scattering (SAS) is frequently employed for screening large numbers of samples and for studying these samples under different conditions, including space- and time-resolved analysis. These measurements produce immense amounts of data, especially on modern high-flux and high-brilliance sources (e.g. third-g…
We highlight recent developments in hydrogel materials with biological responsiveness built in. These ‘smart’ biomaterials change properties in response to selective biological recognition events. When exposed to a biological target (nutrient, growth factor, receptor, antibody, enzyme, or whole cell), molecular recogn…
The different hydrogen evolution rates for Mg immersed in simulated body fluid solutions with and without phosphates signify that the constituents of the body fluid could play different roles in the biodegradation of a magnesium implant. Currebtly, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding of the corrosion be…
Polymer nanocomposites offer significant potential in the development of advanced materials for numerous applications. These novel materials benefit from the synergy between filler particles and polymer chains that are on similar length scales and the large quantity of interfacial area relative to the volume of the ma…
With the increased emphasis on both reliability and multi-functionality in the aerospace industry, active materials are fast becoming an enabling technology capturing the attention of an increasing number of engineers and scientists worldwide. This article reviews the class of active materials known as shape memory al…