Materials Literature
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Artificial superlattices consisting of ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) and conductive LaNiO3 (LNO) sublayers were epitaxially grown on Nb-doped SrTiO3(001) single crystal substrates by a dual-gun rf magnetron sputtering system. A symmetric sublayer structure with the designed thickness varying in the range from 3 nm to 70…
The functional properties of two types of barium strontium titanate (BST) thin film capacitor structures were studied: one set of structures was made using pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) and the other using chemical solution deposition. While initial observations on PLD films looking at the behavior of Tm (the temperat…
Lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titanate stannate antiferroelectric thin films of ∼420 nm with compositions in the antiferroelectric tetragonal region have been prepared on Pt-buffered Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Effects of oxygen pressure during deposition were studied, with emphasis placed on the electr…
We report recent achievements in metal-enhanced fluorescence. Several fluorophore systems have been studied on metal particle-coated surface and in colloid suspensions. In particular, we describe a distance dependent enhancement on silver island films (SIFs), release of self-quenching of fluorescence near silver parti…
The electro-optical (EO) properties of the ferroelectric relaxor poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer were investigated in the wavelength region from 3 to 5 μm. A large Kerr effect was observed in which a refractive index change of −2.6% can be induced under an electric field of…
We consider the interaction between two-dimensional nematic colloids and planar or sculpted walls. The elastic interaction between colloidal disks and flat walls, with homeotropic boundary conditions, is always repulsive. These repulsions may be turned into strong attractions at structured or sculpted walls, with cavi…
Abstract The effect of the triblock copolymer poly[styrene‐ b ‐(ethylene‐ co ‐butylene)‐ b ‐styrene] (SEBS) on the formation of the space charge of immiscible low‐density polyethylene (LDPE)/polystyrene (PS) blends was investigated. Blends of 70/30 (wt %) LDPE/PS were prepared through melt blending in an internal mixe…
The effect of oxidation on charge transport and retention within a sheet of silicon (Si) nanocrystals was investigated with an electrostatic force microscope. Single layers of nanocrystals with smooth and abrupt Si/SiO2 interfaces were prepared by thermal crystallization of thin amorphous Si layers, followed by an oxi…
Forced convective jet applied onto carbon arc plasma has significant effects on the formation of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes mixed with multishelled nanoparticles produced by the “arc in water” method. There is an optimized flow rate of the convective jet that leads to the highe…
The growth of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) mediated by metal nanoparticles is considered within (i) the surface diffusion growth kinetics model coupled with (ii) a thermal model taking into account heat release of carbon adsorption-desorption on nanotube surface and carbon incorporation into the nanotube wall…
Aging characteristics of 0.2(PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3)-0.8(PbZr0.475Ti0.525O3) multilayer ceramic actuators have been investigated by applying rectified ac bias. Multilayer ceramic actuators 5×5×5 mm3 in size were fabricated by tape-casting methods. X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to compare crystalline structures and…
The crystal structure of [C(6)H(5)NH(CH(3))(2)](2)Te(2)I(10) consists of the N,N-dimethylanilinium cation and a hitherto unreported tellurium iodide anion Te(2)I(10)(2)(-) [crystal data: C(8)H(12)NTeI(5), monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 9.4787(2) A, b = 14.2874(3) A, c = 13.6869(3) A, beta = 95.1918(8) degrees, V = 1845.96(7…
Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of freshly etched and ambient-aged porous silicon specimens have been measured and analyzed to extract spectral contributions due to quantum confinement (QC) and non-QC effects. It is shown that all spectra can be deconvolved into five Gaussian bands with typical peak energies 1.59, 1.76…
The first slipped pseudo-quadruple-decker complex of phthalocyanines was formed unexpectedly upon treatment of the protonated double-decker SmIIIH(Pc)[Pc(alpha-OC4H9)8] with NaOH. The supramolecular structure contains two double-decker units linked by two sodium ions by an extremely rare coordination mode of phthalocy…
Biaxial strain during nucleation influences phase separation into ferromagnetic (metallic) and nonferromagnetic (insulating) regions and that, in turn, markedly affects the electric transport of a manganite film. A 40-nm-thick La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 film, coherently constrained by a (001)LaAlO3 substrate, possesses a notice…
In this paper properties of nematic liquid crystals aligned on polyimide surfaces exposed to a low-energy Ar ion beam are investigated. We studied how the pretilt angle of a liquid crystal cell is affected by ion-beam conditions, such as the energy of the incident ions, the angle of incidence, and the exposure time. X…
Ion irradiation experiments of diamond samples at room temperature have been performed by using in situ Raman spectroscopy as diagnostic technique. Different ions are used with energies of 200 or 400 keV. The area of virgin diamond Raman band (at 1332 cm−1) decreases exponentially as the ion fluence increases. This is…
Near-equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloys normally exhibit three martensitic transformations among three phases: the B2 phase, the monoclinic (M) phase and the rhombohedral (R) phase. Some recent work, however, has revealed complex transformation behaviour involving multiple-stage martensitic transformations and multip…
We studied the influence of adsorbates on field emission (FE) properties of well-aligned ZnO nanoneedle arrays with varying initial electric field, vacuum gap, and ambient pressure. The FE current exhibits hysteresis upon a loop of applied voltage. On applying an initial electric field of 3.85×106 V/m, the turn-on vol…
The electrodeposition and characterization of conducting thin films of gold nanoparticles bridged with oligothiophene linkers are reported. Gold nanoparticles capped with the conjugated phosphines 5-diphenylphosphino-2,2‘:5‘,2‘ ‘-terthiophene ( d core = 1.7 ± 0.3 nm) and 5-diphenylphosphino-3‘,4‘-ethylenedioxy-2,2‘:5‘…