Materials Literature
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Neutron reflectivity measurements are made on a chemically end-grafted polymer brush swollen over a range of temperatures above and below the theta point. Good agreement between the brush profiles and recent self-consistent field calculations and numerical simulations is obtained for temperatures in the vicinity of th…
High quality vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films have been successfully deposited by pulsed laser deposition without postannealing on (0001) and (101̄0) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction reveals that the films are highly oriented with (010) planes parallel to the surface of the substrate. VO2 thin films on (0001) a…
The electrical resistivity, thermoelectric power (Seebeck coefficient), Hall effect, and thermal conductivity have been measured in Cux(Dy2S3)1−x compounds with the η-orthorhombic structure in the composition range 0.006≤x≤0.15 in order to determine their potential as high temperature (300–1000 °C) thermoelectric mate…
Measurements of dc dielectric breakdown strength were made on polyethylene terephthalate films of 50 μm in thickness at temperatures of 35, 70, and 100 °C under hydrostatic pressure ranging from 50 to 500 bar. It has been found that the electrical breakdown field Eb increases with pressure and decreases with temperatu…
The optical reflectance spectra of various wurtzite-BN (w-BN) specimens prepared by the shock-wave method have been measured in the vacuum-ultraviolet region with synchrotron radiation. The optical constants have been determined by applying the Kramers-Kronig relation. The optical band gap was found to be 8.7\ifmmode\…
Photoemission data in which the signals from the first two atomic layers are well distinguished from that of the bulk are used to determine the kinetic-energy dependence of the inelastic electron mean free path in Be metal. Using a layer attenuation model, the electron mean free path is extracted from experimental cor…
Exciton optical absorption in self-similar aperiodic one-dimensional systems is considered, focusing our attention on Thue-Morse and Fibonacci lattices as canonical examples. The absorption line shape is evaluated by solving the microscopic equations of motion of the Frenkel-exciton problem on the lattice, in which on…
The dynamics of the infrared photoluminescence (PL) in silicon powder grown by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD) of silane is reported. A nonlinear dependence of PL intensity on laser power of the form I a: P" with n as high as 7 has been found, indicating a multistep-multiphoton excitation process. T…
Neutron diffraction experiments on the Heisenberg antiferromagnet MnBr 2 were performed to study the successive magnetic phase transitions ( T N1 =2.32 K, T N2 =2.17 K). The magnetic structure in the intermediate phase is found to be a transverse sinusoidally-modulated structure with an incommensurate modulation vecto…
Local vibrational modes induced by defect complexes involving nitrogen and silicon impurities in different configurations are calculated using Keating potentials in a supercell model. Both the frequency and the vibrational amplitudes of atoms in the complexes are determined for each mode. It is found that defect compl…
Erbium-doped indium oxide films were prepared by rf magnetron sputtering. The Er-doped oxide films are conducting (or semiconducting) with a resistivity in the range of 10−3–103 Ω cm, and are optically active, i.e., show a clear room-temperature photoluminescence at 1.54 μm, corresponding to intratransitions in Er3+ i…
High-resolution x-ray-diffraction experiments show that the lattice parameter of porous-silicon layers expands when wetted by an alcohol or an alkane. This phenomenon is nearly reversible when the alkane is removed while there is a time-dependent drift during alcohol wetting. The experimental results obtained for seve…
We have performed simulations of liquid phases of phosphorus using the molecular-dynamics--density-functional method. Starting from a system of 26 ${\mathrm{P}}_{4}$ tetrahedra in a simple cubic unit cell of constant volume, we determine radial, angular, and defect distribution functions for the molecular liquid and f…
The Si(111)-7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 reconstruction is investigated by high-resolution core-level spectroscopy. A detailed line-shape analysis of spectra recorded over a wide photon energy range demonstrates the presence of four surface-derived components in the Si 2p line. These are attributed to the stru…
An adsorption system of metal-on-metal growth is presented. The adsorption of alkali-metal atoms on monolayers of dissimilar alkali metals preadsorbed on the Cu(001) surface has been studied by Auger-electron spectroscopy, work-function change, and low-energy electron-diffraction intensity analysis. We have examined t…
Study of the temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the negative magnetoresistance in the Mott variable-range-hopping regime is made on n-type ${\mathrm{CuInSe}}_{2}$. The relative magnetoresistance \ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\rho}/\ensuremath{\rho}(0) is found to be proportional to ${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\e…
The electronic structure and relative stability of icosahedral ${\mathrm{Al}}_{12}$M (M=transition metal) clusters have been studied using the density functional theory within the local spin density approximation. Our calculations predict large binding energies for clusters with M atom in the middle of a d series in a…
Electrical resistivities along the ${\mathit{C}}_{2}$ and ${\mathit{C}}_{3}$ axes, Hall effect, Shubnikov--de Haas effect, and pulsed-laser-induced transient thermoelectric effect (TTE) have been measured in the temperature range 4.2--300 K for solid solutions of narrow-gap p-type ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{…
Induced absorption from the exciton state to the biexciton state was clearly observed under the site-selective excitation of the inhomogeneously broadened ${\mathit{Z}}_{3}$ exciton band in CuCl microcrystallites embedded in NaCl crystals. This allows us to obtain the size-dependent biexciton binding energy in CuCl qu…
We calculate the coherent electronic contributions to the third-order optical response ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\chi}}}^{(3)}$(-\ensuremath{\omega};\ensuremath{\omega},\ensuremath{\Omega},-\ensuremath{\Omega}) of bulk semiconductors in the independent-particle approximation using a simple two-band model. The formalism us…