Materials Literature
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Carbon nanotubes are tested as integrative components in multifunctional hybrid photovoltaic cells and reveal their significant promise for applications as photochemical energy-conversion systems. As shown in the figure, they possess monochromatic power-conversion efficiencies of up to 10.7 % for single carbon nanotub…
Molecular simulations of the self-assembly of cone-shaped particles with specific, attractive interactions are performed. Upon cooling from random initial conditions, we find that the cones self assemble into clusters and that clusters comprised of particular numbers of cones (e.g. 4 - 17, 20, 27, 32, 42) have a uniqu…
Single crystals of a novel ruthenate, Ca2Ru2O7, were obtained. An X-ray diffraction study on a single crystal revealed that this material crystallizes in a pyrochlore structure with a lattice parameter, a = 10.197 Angstroms. The magnetic susceptibility above 30 K is the summation of a Curie-Weiss contribution and a co…
We present a microscopic study of the electronic and magnetic properties of the newly synthesized Cu(II)-spin tetrahedron-based Cu4Te5O12Cl4 compound based on Density Functional calculations and on ab initio-derived effective models. In view of these results, we discuss the origin of the observed differences in behavi…
The dynamic piezoelectric response of ferroelectric ceramics is comprised of both intrinsic (piezoelectric lattice strain) and extrinsic (non-180° domain wall motion) components. Here the authors report direct measurements of non-180° domain wall motion in ceramic lead zirconate titanate during application of subcoerc…
Nanocrystalline Zn1–xCoxO (x = 0.020, 0.056, and 0.098) powders exhibit intrinsic high-temperature ferromagnetism, as suggested by the well-defined hysteresis loops shown in the figure. The origin of this ferromagnetism is thought to be electron transfer from host Zn 4s↑ states to unfilled dopant Co 3d↓ states (shown…
We formulate and justify several proposals utilizing the unique electronic properties of different types of carbon nanotubes for a broad range of applications to THz optoelectronics, including THz generation by hot electrons in quasi-metallic nanotubes, frequency multiplication in chiral-nanotube-based superlattices c…
The results of the first investigations of the process of local decomposition of lead-lanthanum zirconate-titanate solid solution in the vicinity of the interphase boundaries separating domains of coexisting ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases are presented. The solid solution with the composition: 6 at% of La,…
We systematically investigate the self-assembly of anisotropic cone-shaped particles decorated by ring-like attractive patches. We demonstrate that the self-assembled clusters, which arise due to the conical particle's anisotropic shape combined with directional attractive interactions, are precise for certain cluster…
In this short paper we first give a very simple derivation of the Landauer formula for a 2-point conductance of QJ $G^{2P}$, based on the uncertainty principle. The aim of this is to introduce this central equation of quantum transport to a general audience. Next we analyse the dynamics of setting up a steady-state cu…
Composites containing Yb-filled CoSb3 and well-distributed Yb2O3 particles are synthesized by in situ reaction method. The structural, chemical, and transport properties of the composites are studied. Some Yb2O3 particles with microsize locate at the grain boundaries of matrix and others distribute within YbyCo4Sb12 g…
Dual functions: The simultaneous immobilization of primary amines and sulfonic acids on mesoporous silica SBA-15 (SBA-15-A/B; see scheme) creates a heterogeneous catalyst that exhibits cooperative catalytic behavior in the aldol condensation reaction. The respective chemical reactivities of the acid and base groups ar…
Simultaneous increase of the ductility and strength of a bulk nanostructured Al alloy with an average grain size of ∼ 100 nm (curve NS) has been achieved by precipitating Guinier–Preston (G–P) zones, η′, and η particles (curve NS+P). Bulk nanostructured materials usually have high strength, but disappointingly low duc…
A facile one-step template-free method based on a novel inside-out Ostwald ripening mechanism is developed for inexpensive mass preparation of hollow and hollow core/shell-type SnO2 nanostructures using potassium stannate as the precursor. As-prepared SnO2 hollow nanospheres (see figure) exhibit ultrahigh lithium stor…
The stability of the superconducting dissipationless and resistive states in single-crystalline NbSe2 nanobelts is characterized by transport measurements in an external magnetic field (H). Current-driven electrical measurements show voltage steps, indicating the nucleation of phase-slip structures. Well below the cri…
Abstract We have systematically studied the critical current and the magnetic susceptibility as a function of the cooling rate through the order‐disorder transformation near 80 K for the κ‐(BEDT‐TTF) 2 Br organic superconductor. Our results show that the magnetic properties of these compounds depend strongly on the co…
Abstract The relaxation of the initial magnetic permeability has been measured in polycrystalline tetravalent‐doped magnetite with nominal composition Me x Fe 3‐x O 4 (Me: Ti, Sn, Si) with 0 < x < 0.4. The samples have been sintered at 1400 ºC in a reducing CO 2 atmosphere. The time decay of the initial permeabi…
The Monte Carlo code ERO simulates the three-dimensional transport of impurity particles in a background plasma using the test particle approximation. it treats the interaction of the plasma ions, atoms and of the impurities with the plasma facing components (PFC).ERO modelling for ITER estimates the lifetime of the i…
WO(x) (2 < x < 3) and WS(2) nanostructures have been widely praised due to applications as catalysts, solid lubricants, field emitters, and optical components. Many methods have been developed to fabricate these nanomaterials; however, most attention was focused on the same dimensional transformation from WO(x) nanopa…
Abstract Structural and magnetic properties of Ba 2 (B,Re) 2 O 6 (B = Fe, Mn, Co and Ni) double‐perovskite oxides have been investigated. Rietveld analysis shows that all our synthesized samples are single phase and crystallize at room temperature in the cubic double‐perovskite structure with Fm3m space group. Magneti…