Materials Literature
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BACKGROUND: The Mollusca constitute one of the most morphologically and ecologically diverse metazoan phyla, occupying a wide range of marine, terrestrial and freshwater habitats. The evolutionary success of the molluscs can in part be attributed to the evolvability of the external shell. Typically, the shell first fo…
BACKGROUND: A novel concept providing prenatally tissue engineered human autologous heart valves based on routinely obtained fetal amniotic fluid progenitors as single cell source is introduced. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fetal human amniotic progenitors were isolated from routinely sampled amniotic fluid and sorted using C…
Zigzag-edge graphene nanostrips could be terminated with a variety of atoms or functional groups. Presented local-density-functional calculations show that these different species have a significant impact on the electronic structure of these strips near the Fermi level. The terminations covered include hydrogen and o…
We have investigated anisotropy in magnetic and electrical transport properties of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{x}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{2}$ $(0\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}1)$ single crystals. The magnetic ground state of the system evolves from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic with gradua…
We report the hysteresis of optically-pumped nuclear spin polarization and the degree of circular polarization of photoluminescence on the excitation power and electron spin polarization in single InAlAs quantum dots. By increasing (or decreasing) the excitation power at a particular excitation polarization, an abrupt…
We have extended our experimentally constrained molecular relaxation technique (P. Biswas {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 71} 54204 (2005)) to hydrogenated amorphous silicon: a 540-atom model with 7.4 % hydrogen and a 611-atom model with 22 % hydrogen were constructed. Starting from a random configuration, using physic…
The authors use femtosecond optical pulses to induce, control, and monitor magnetization precession in ferromagnetic Ga0.965Mn0.035As. At temperatures below ∼40K, they observe coherent oscillations of the local Mn spins, triggered by an ultrafast photoinduced reorientation of the in-plane easy axis. The amplitude satu…
Periodic ferroelectric-ferroelastic 90° domain patterns with an unprecedented small domain periodicity of 27nm were observed in thin PbTiO3 films grown on DyScO3 substrates. These patterns contain the narrowest possible a domains (6nm wide) that allow to preserve the lateral coherence in the films, producing highly or…
Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe [Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 1049 (1967)] in graphene, at energies close to the Dirac point, is analyzed. It is shown that, in clean systems, the orthogonality catastrophe is suppressed due to the vanishing density of states at the Dirac point. In the presence of preexisting localized sta…
La (2.5%) and Ni (2.5%) codoped BiFeO3 (BLFNO) thin films were formed by chemical solution deposition on Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si(100) structures. BiFeO3 (BFO), La(5%)-doped BFO, and Ni(5%)-doped BFO films were studied for comparison. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystal structure of all films was single perovskite…
Exchange bias was observed in the Ni50Mn36Sn14 Heusler alloy after field cooling by means of hysteresis loop measurement. The hysteresis loops shift along the axis of an applied field and its magnitude significantly increased with decreasing temperature below 70K. This effect could be understood as a result of exchang…
We compute the local spectrum of the magnetic field near a metallic microstructure at finite temperature. Our main focus is on deviations from a plane-layered geometry for which we review the main properties. Arbitrary geometries are handled with the help of numerical calculations based on surface integral equations.…
The relationship between orbital and spin degrees of freedom in the single-crystals of the hole-doped Pr$_{1-x}$Ca$_{1+x}$MnO$_4$, 0.3 $\leq$ $x$ $\leq$ 0.7, has been investigated by means of ac-magnetometry and charge transport. Even though there is no cation ordering on the $A$-site, the quenched disorder is extreme…
We study the local disorder in the deformation of amorphous materials by decomposing the particle displacements into a continuous, inhomogeneous field and the corresponding fluctuations. We compare these fields to the commonly used non-affine displacements in an elastically deformed 2D Lennard-Jones glass. Unlike the…
The recombination of Frenkel pairs resulting from low energy recoils in 3C-SiC has been investigated using first principles and Nudged Elastic Band calculations. Several recombination mechanisms have been obtained, involving direct interstitial migration, atoms exchange, or concerted displacements, with activation ene…
Using a wire heater to ignite magnetic avalanches in fixed magnetic field applied along the easy axis of single crystals of the molecular magnet Mn$_{12}$-acetate, we report fast local measurements of the temperature and time-resolved measurements of the local magnetization as a function of magnetic field. In addition…
We present a first-principle study of geometrical and electronic structure of hexagonal single-walled silicon nanotubes with a monovacancy or a substitutional defect. The C, Al or P atoms are chosen as substitutional impurities. It is found that the defect such as a monovacancy or a substitutional impurity results in…
Abstract While electrospinning had seen intermittent use in the textile industry from the early twentieth century, it took the explosion of the field of tissue engineering, and its pursuit of biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) structures, to create an electrospinning renaissance. Over the past decade, a growing num…
Proteins are highly flexible molecules. Prediction of molecular flexibility aids in the comprehension and prediction of protein function and in providing details of functional mechanisms. The ability to predict the locations, directions, and extent of molecular movements can assist in fitting atomic resolution structu…
We derive a formula to calculate the ballistic thermal conductance of a two-dimensional system directly from the dispersion relations of phonons and electrons. We apply the method to a graphene and investigate both the temperature and the Fermi energy dependences of the ballistic thermal conductance. The ballistic the…