Materials Literature
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ElectroChemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (ECSTM) is gaining popularity as a tool to implement proof-of-concept single (bio)molecular transistors. The understanding of such systems requires a discussion of the mechanism of the electrochemical current gating, which is intimately related to the electrostatic potenti…
The primitive model of ionic systems is investigated within a field-theoretic description for the whole range of size-, λ, and charge, Z, ratios of the two ionic species. Two order parameters (OP) are identified, and their relations to physically relevant quantities are described for various values of λand Z. Instabil…
Silkworm silk has outstanding mechanical properties despite being spun at room temperature and from aqueous solution. Although it has been proposed that fiber formation is mainly induced by shearing and extensional flow in the spinneret, the detailed structure and function of the spinning apparatus of Bombyx mori silk…
Abstract The instrumentation for synchrotron radiation X‐ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM) has recently undergone significant improvements, finding application in diverse fields such as magnetism, chemistry, surface science and nanostructure characterization. The spectroscopic photoemission and low energy…
We study by extensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and analytical Green function (GF) method effects of frustrated surfaces on the properties of thin films made of stacked triangular layers of atoms bearing Heisenberg spins with an Ising-like interaction anisotropy. We suppose that the in-plane surface interaction $J_…
Bulk ferromagnetic amorphous Fe-Ni-P-B alloys in rod shape were formed by a rapid solidification technique. The largest amorphous specimen prepared had a diameter of ~2.5 mm and the corresponding cooling rate for the glass formation of this alloy system in our experiment can be estimate to be around 492.4 K/s by the m…
The formation energies and electronic structure of native defects in tin monoxide are investigated by first-principles calculations. Equilibrium defect concentrations, which are obtained using the calculated formation energies and charge neutrality, indicate that the tin vacancy is the dominant defect under oxygen-ric…
Alpha-chitin was isolated from shrimp shells. The chitin was subjected to extensive treatments of acid hydrolysis and mechanical disruption to yield nanocrystals. The goal of this article is to characterize alpha-chitin nanocrystals produced from shrimp shells in regard to crystallite properties and the specific surfa…
Individualized, chemically pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes have been intravenously administered to rabbits and monitored through their characteristic near-infrared fluorescence. Spectra indicated that blood proteins displaced the nanotube coating of synthetic surfactant molecules within seconds. The nanotube c…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The state of the art of electrodynamics of new composite media—metamaterials—is reviewed. The composites in the form of a periodic lattice of identical elements, which are in essence artificial crystals with characteristic scales of the internal structure from several centimeters to several hundred nanometers are cons…
A novel sol-gel autocombustion process was used to synthesize ultrafine powders of nickel ferrite. This powder was prepared from metal nitrates and citric acid. The combustion process is an oxidation-reduction reaction in which the NO 3 − ion is the oxidant and the carboxyl group is the reductant. The results revealed…
The incommensurately modulated structure of the isotropic lazurite Na6.41Ca1.36K0.04(Si6.09Al5.91)O24(SO4)1.73Cl0.17 from the Baĭkal region is solved in the (3 + 3)-dimensional symmetry group P23(γγ0) [where γ = 0.2154(1)] with the basic unit cell parameter a = 9.077(1) Å. The structure is refined to R 0 = 0.04 for th…
The objective of this study is to provide a set of proximity functions for electrons from 100 eV to 10 MeV. Numerical results of differential proximity functions are given graphically. The complete data set is available electronically upon request from the authors. The results can serve as a convenient database for an…
Crystalline materials that are transparent in the vacuum UV spectral region and currently used have been reviewed. Transmission of crystals of solid solutions with the fluorite structure Ca1−x R xF2+x (R = Sc, Y, La, Yb, Lu) in the UV and vacuum UV spectral regions has been investigated. It is shown that application o…
A choline biosensor was fabricated by using electrochemical doping to immobilize choline oxidase in poly(aniline-co-o-aminophenol) film that exhibits a good electric activity over a wide pH range. Using cyclic voltammetry, impedance measurement and scanning electron microscopy characterized the poly(aniline-co-o-amino…
The problem regarding the distribution of aluminum and indium impurities in bulk crystals of solid solutions with a variable composition Ge1−x Si x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) is solved in order to establish regularities of the changes in the segregation coefficients of impurities with variations in the composition of the host latt…
Abstract Summary: A recent report by Agarwal and coworkers (I. Cotiuga, F. Picchioni, U. S. Agarwal, D. Wouters, J. Loos, P. J. Lemstra, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2006 , 27 , 1073) has shown that solution viscosity measured in a capillary rheometer can be used to monitor the dispersion quality of SWNTs. They used soluti…
Abstract Due to the need of increasing energy efficiency, reducing pollution and lessening dependency on petroleum, vehicles using more advanced propulsion technologies such as fuel cell and hybrid electric (e.g., gasoline-electric or diesel-electric hybrid) power are being developed constantly. At the same time, exte…
This paper provides a brief review of recently published work on biophysical and biological aspects of Auger processes. Three specific questions have been considered. (1) Does charge neutralisation contribute to molecular damage such as DNA strand breaks? (2) How many DNA double strand breaks are produced by a single…