Materials Literature
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Ce3+ and Tb3+ coactivated LaPO4 nanowires and micrometer rods were synthesized by hydrothermal methods. Their fluorescent spectra and dynamics were systematically studied and compared. The results indicated that the extinction coefficients of Ce3+ and Tb3+ in nanowires were higher than those in micrometer rods. The el…
Very sharp magnetization step is observed across the field-induced antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transition in various doped $\mathrm{Ce}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$ alloys, when the measurement is performed below $5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. In the higher temperature regime $(T>5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}…
The dynamics of spin-lattice relaxation of the Mn-ions in (Zn,Mn)Se-based diluted-magnetic-semiconductor quantum wells is studied by time-resolved photoluminescence. The spin-lattice relaxation time varies by five orders of magnitude from 10-3 down to 10-8 s, when the Mn content increases from 0.4 up to 11%. Free carr…
We study the massless limit of the Klein-Gordon (K-G) equation in 1+1 dimensions with static complex potentials as an attempt to give an alternative, but equivalent, representation of plane electromagnetic (em) wave propagation in active medium. In the case of dispersionless em medium, the analogy dictates that the po…
By means of extensive first-principles calculations we studied the ferroelectric phase transition and the associated isotope effect in $\mathrm{K}{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ (KDP). Our calculations revealed that the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric phase is due to electronic charge redistr…
Hierarchically ordered mesocellular mesoporous silica materials (HMMS) were synthesized using a single structure-directing agent. The mesocellular pores are synthesized without adding any pore expander; the pore walls are composed of SBA-15 type mesopores. Small-angle X-ray scattering revealed the presence of uniform…
We have used soft X-ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering (XRMS) to search for the presence of an effective ferromagnetic moment belonging to the antiferromagnetic (AF) layer which is in close contact with a ferromagnetic (F) layer. Taking advantage of the element specificity of the XRMS technique, we have measured hystere…
The present work contains results of experimental investigation of external factors, such as dessicating/wetting, thermal annealing, uniaxial and hydrostatic pressures on dielectric permittivity of Rochelle salt crystals. The obtained results are compared with available literature data. A conslusion is made that the d…
This paper deals with the investigations on the nucleation and growth of ZnO nanostructures in a catalyst free synthesis. The ZnO nanostructures have been formed by evaporation of Zn (99.99%) in O_2 and Ar atmosphere in single zone furnace under two temperature regions, region A (~1173-1073K) and region B (~873-773K).…
At interfaces of metal oxide and water, partially hydrated or "wet-electron" states represent the lowest energy pathway for electron transfer. We studied the photoinduced electron transfer at the H2O/TiO2(110) interface by means of time-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy and electronic structure theory. At…
The dual path mechanism for methanol decomposition on well-defined low Miller index platinum single crystal planes, Pt(111), Pt(110), and Pt(100), was studied using a combination of chronoamperometry, fast scan cyclic voltammetry, and theoretical methods. The main focus was on the electrode potential range when the ad…
As a promising route for large-scale H2 production, the water-gas-shift reaction (WGS, CO + H(2)O-->CO(2) + H(2)) on ceria-supported Au catalysts is of enormous potential in efforts to move towards a hydrogen economy. Recent research suggests that this reaction is in fact catalyzed by Au cations instead of the convent…
Radical discoveries? Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) produce free radicals upon UV irradiation in aqueous solution. While CdS QDs generate superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, only the latter are produced from CdSe QDs. In contrast, CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs, often applied in biolabeling applications, do not generate radi…
An intriguing problem in condensed matter physics is understanding the glass transition, in particular the dynamics in the equilibrium liquid close to vitrification. Recent advances have been made by using hydrostatic pressure as an experimental variable. These results are reviewed, with an emphasis in the insight pro…
Biomimetic research indicates that many phenomena regarding wettability in nature, such as the self-cleaning effect on a lotus leaf and cicada wing, the anisotropic dewetting behavior on a rice leaf, and striking superhydrophobic force provided by a water strider's leg, are all related to the unique micro- and nanostr…
The selection of thermal and photo stabilizers for poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) using conventional methods is a time-consuming process. The high-throughput screening method developed in this research demonstrates rapid and efficient ways to quantify the effectiveness of PVC stabilizers with respect to raw plastic mater…
Densification and microstructural evolution of transparent magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) were examined through systematic experiments that focus on the role of impurities in the starting powders. Up to 1 wt. % LiF was added to very fine spinel powder synthesized by a metal-exchange method.…
The use of 157 nm as the next lower wavelength for photolithography for the production of semiconductors has created a need for transparent and radiation-durable polymers for use in soft pellicles, the polymer films which protect the chip from particle deposition. The most promising materials for pellicles are fluorin…
Ein Netz aus Platinnanoröhren mit Durchmessern von etwa 15 nm und Wanddicken von 1 nm, die sich zu einer offenen, doppelt bikontinuierlichen Struktur verbinden (siehe hochaufgelösten Elektronenmikrograph), entsteht, wenn Platin auf ein nanoporöses Goldtemplat aufgebracht und dieses anschließend aufgelöst wird. Die Str…
Semicrystalline polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending of a low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with an organically modified montmorillonite, Cloisite 10A (C10A). The intercalation morphology was studied by temperature-dependent synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (…