Materials Literature
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Two-component polymer brushes (polystyrene and poly(2-vinylpyridine)) were synthesized by grafting from the surface of Si-wafers. The brushes are sensitive to the surrounding medium, and their morphology and composition of the top of a brush can be switched upon exposure to different solvents. Thus surface energetic s…
Thirty-one proteins and viruses that we knew from our own experience could be crystallized, or had been reported to have been crystallized by others, were investigated. In this experiment, each protein or virus was subjected to a crystallization screen of 12 different salts, each titrated to pH 7.2 beforehand, at conc…
In the bivalve mollusc Mytilus edulis shell thickening occurs from the extrapallial (EP) fluid wherein secreted shell matrix macromolecules are thought to self-assemble into a framework that regulates the growth of CaCO(3) crystals, which eventually constitute approximately 95% of the mature shell. Herein is the initi…
The nanoscale mechanism of retention behavior in SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) thin films has been investigated by means of piezoresponse scanning force microscopy. It has been found that SBT films with Pt electrodes (SBT/Pt) exhibit a strong dependence of retention characteristics upon domain polarity: positive domains with the p…
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics were investigated on synthesized Al-Cu, Al-Cu-Mg, and Al-Cu-Fe-Mn intermetallic phases and compared to AA2024-T3 (UNS A92024), as well as high-purity Al, Cu, and Au. These tests were conducted in 0.1 M sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) with and without either 0.005 M sodium chloride (NaC…
A new potentially catalytic material has been developed by partial recrystallization of the porewall of MCM-41. Recrystallization is induced by impregnation of MCM-41 with tetrapropylammonium hydroxide followed by a hydrothermal treatment. This procedure resulted in the formation of small particles of approximately 3…
Silica molecular sieves with uniform pores on the borderline between micropore (diameter <2 nm) and mesopore (from 2 to 50 nm) ranges were synthesized by a novel method using judiciously chosen mixtures of short double-chain alkylammonium surfactants. These silicas were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), the…
Self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and SIA clusters are produced in displacement cascades during irradiation of a material with high-energy particles. The migration kinetics of such defects are a critical factor in controlling microstructure evolution and the ensuing changes in mechanical properties. In this study, extens…
Alumina templates are used to assist the deposition of highly ordered polycrystalline diamond nanocylinders (see Figure) and diamond-like carbon nanotubes. The growth of diamond is carried out by microwave plasma-assisted CVD, using acetone as the carbon source. The dimensions of the nanofibers are easily controllable…
We report the first results of ultra-fast enhanced light emission from gold– and silver–dendrimer nanocomposites. There is a fast (70 fs) fluorescence decay component associated with the metal nanocomposites. Anisotropy measurements show that this fast component is depolarized. The enhanced emission is suggestively du…
Biomolecular Bombyx mori silk-based multiblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) and GlyAlaGlyAla prepared by step-growth polymerization based on a modular chemical method have been found to self-assemble into nanostructures. Solid-state 13 C NMR, solid-state FTIR, and powder X-ray diffraction provided evidence…
Abstract The bulk isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) was studied using a differential scanning calorimeter. Avrami's theory was used to analyze the data. Based on crystallinity growth rate, Avrami rate constant, K, and crystallization half‐time, PTT's crystallization rate is…
Some historical aspects of the discovery of the “axio-polar” (time-odd polar) vector, its appearance as an anapole moment in atomic nuclei and in the form of a spontaneous toroidal moment in “ferrotoroidic” crystals and domains are discussed. The related linear and bilinear “electrotoroidic” and “magnetotoroidic” effe…
Rings and hexagonal arrays of nanocrystals (see Figure), where the structures correspond to the micrometer wavelength range, are shown to be produced by controlling the deposition conditions. Silver nanocrystals deposited from hexane in air form ring structures and the same nanocrystals in other solvents or in hexane…
Semiconductivity in La‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramics after high‐temperature firing, e.g., 1350°C in air, is attributed to oxygen nonstoichiometry. In more heavily doped compositions, the observed resistivity rise is attributed to surface oxidation of the grains during cooling.
Abstract This study focuses on the conformational characterization of differently processed Bombyx mori silk fibroin samples by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of silk fibroin film and liquid silk are discussed in comparison with those of the crystalline fractions of Bombyx mori silk fibroin (Cp, chymotryptic pr…
We survey recent studies and present new data on the growth, interactions, structure and chemistry of gold deposited on TiO 2 (110) surfaces. The noble metal Au on TiO 2 (110) is a model system for weak interaction of a metal with an oxide substrate; it is also of interest because Au on TiO 2 has unusually high activi…
The temperature dependence of the thermodynamic and dynamical properties of liquid water using the polarizable fluctuating charge (FQ) model is presented. The properties of ice Ih, both for a perfect lattice with no thermal disorder and at a temperature of 273 K, are also presented. In contrast to nonpolarizable model…
Fillers appear during the early grammaticalization process, roughly between the one- or two-word phase and the earliest grammar, in a variety of languages. Peters accurately points out there have been theoretical and methodological difficulties when trying to integrate the filler phenomenon in language acquisition the…