Materials Literature
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The piezoelectric properties of relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals, such as Pb(Zn<SUB>1/3</SUB>Nb<SUB>2/3</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> - PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (PZN-PT) and Pb(Mg<SUB>1/3</SUB>Nb<SUB>2/3</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> - PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (PMN- PT) were investigated for electromechanical actuators. In contrast to polyc…
It has been found that reduction of perovskite in vacuum leads to collapse of the ferromagnetic state without changes of cubic symmetry. ( , Tb) oxygen deficit orthorhombic phases undergo phase transitions approximately at temperatures K, K and K. The first order antiferro-ferromagnet transition at is accompanied by a…
Statistical and ergodic properties of a simple model of N hard discs in a circular cavity are investigated by means of analytical considerations and molecular dynamics computer simulations. The model exhibits ergodicity breaking at different densities as well as a kinetic crossover from hydrodynamic relaxation to part…
We report an investigation of the wetting behavior of 5CB drops on silicon wafers. Nematic drops exhibit a characteristic mesoscopic thickness that diverges as the nematic-isotropic transition is approached. This divergence may be associated with the vanishing of the anchoring strength, or equivalently, to a wetting t…
We have proposed the use of RMnO3 (R: rare earth elements) films for metal–ferroelectric–semiconductor field effect transistor (MFSFET)-type ferroelectric random access memories (ferroelectric RAMs). This reports the production of YMnO3 films on Si substrates for MFSFET with confirmation of the distinct ferroelectrici…
The shape of the short light pulses emitted from a single air bubble trapped in a resonant sound field in degassed water has been measured directly for the first time with a streak camera. At low driving pressures the pulse shape is nearly Gaussian with a slightly slower decay. With increasing driving pressure the fal…
Indium–zinc oxide films (ZnxInyOx+1.5y), with x/y=0.08–12.0, are grown by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition using the volatile metal–organic precursors In(TMHD)3 and Zn(TMHD)2 (TMHD=2,2,6,6–tetramethyl–3,5–heptanedionato). Films are smooth (rms roughness=40–50 Å) with complex microstructures which v…
Molecular-dynamics simulations of diamondlike carbon film growth from carbon atoms with kinetic energies between 10 and 100 eV are performed. The interatomic forces are calculated by means of an efficient density-functional based tight-binding scheme. The results show that surface processes are dominant for deposition…
Polycrystalline bulk porous samples with a large number of weak-link grain boundaries and high density polycrystalline bulk samples with strong-link boundaries were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction and a partial melting technique. The weak-link samples showed large magnetoresistance (MR,Δρ/ρH=[ρ0−ρH]/ρ…
The level spectrum of a single-walled carbon nanotube rope, studied by transport spectroscopy, shows Zeeman splitting in a magnetic field parallel to the tube axis. The pattern of splittings implies that the spin of the ground state alternates by $\frac{1}{2}$ as consecutive electrons are added. Other aspects of the C…
The dynamical behaviour of the glass transition of propylene glycol confined in droplets in butyl rubber (three-dimensional confinement, mean droplet diameter d = 8-11 nm) and in pores in controlled porous glasses (two-dimensional confinement, mean pore diameter d = 2.5-7.5 nm) has been studied in detail by means of b…
The 7.9 eV photons of a ${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ laser induced photochemical desorption of molecular hydrogen from $\mathrm{Si}(111)\ensuremath{-}(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1):\mathrm{H}$ surfaces with a cross section of $(1.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}\…
We report the formation of large, branched silver aggregates after deposition of Ag on silicone oil surfaces. The origin of these ramified aggregates is traced to a two stage process, the first of which involves nucleation and growth of disk-shaped Ag clusters during deposition. In the subsequent stage after depositio…
The question of whether the primary $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ relaxation in glass-forming systems is homogeneous or heterogeneous in nature is investigated by incoherent neutron scattering techniques in glass-forming polymers. It is shown that the momentum transfer dependence of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts relaxation ti…
Rietveld refinements using neutron powder profiles are reported for a series of samples (commonly known as PZT), with x ranging from to . Cation shifts, octahedral distortion and tilts are determined with varying composition across the ferroelectric rhombohedral regions, and , of the PZT phase diagram. These parameter…
We propose a structural model for decagonal Al-Cu-Co quasicrystals based upon existing experimental diffraction data supplemented by total energy calculations. The model is a decoration of tiles related to the Penrose rhombus tiling. Strong chemical ordering between Cu and Co leads to chains of alternating Cu and Co a…
We have calculated the frictional drag between spatially separated quantum wells with parallel two-dimensional electron gases due to interlayer electron-electron interaction mediated by virtual exchange of acoustic phonons due to piezoelectric and deformation potential interaction. It is shown that the frictional drag…
A large entropy variation (magnetocaloric effect) has been discovered in ceramic perovskites with the formulas La0.65Ca0.35Ti1−xMnxO3−z and La0.5+x+yLi0.5−3yTi1−3xMn3xO3−z. Both Curie temperature and entropy change were studied from 4.2 to 400 K for different stoichiometric compositions and applied magnetic fields. Ou…
Dipole resonant x-ray scattering from ordered Mn $3d$ orbitals in $\mathrm{LaMn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been observed near the Mn $K$-absorption edge. The polarization of the scattered photons is rotated from $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ to ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and the azimuthal angle dependence shows a charac…
Minimum film-formation temperature (MFFT) of vinylidene chloride (VDC)-methyl acrylate (MA) copolymer latexes prepared by batch emulsion polymerization with various compositions from 20 to 97 wt % of VDC were measured. For latexes with VDC content below 90 wt %, MFFT was similar to polymer Tg. As VDC content increased…