Materials Literature
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The use of nanoparticles in hybrid and polymeric matrices has been investigated. Different types of nanocomposites have been prepared. The ormosil type based on organoalkoxy silanes shows surprising properties with respect to solid content and relaxation. Thick films for coatings, embossed films for diffractive purpos…
Never dried highly swollen bacterial cellulose fleeces produced by the bacteria Acetobacter xylinum were deformed uniaxially and kept under strain during the drying process. The orientation of the crystalline nano-fibrils was determined by X-ray pole figure measurements of the (1–10) lattice plane in reflection mode a…
The formation of nanocrystalline and amorphous phases and unstable and stable solid solutions by mechanical alloying is analyzed by considering the mixture of the interfacial components of the elements as an ideal solution. We used the Gibbs free energy and equilibrium volume equations together with the results obtain…
Mild (unalloyed) steel electrodes were incubated in phosphate-buffered cultures of aerobic, biofilm-forming Rhodococcus sp. strain C125 and Pseudomonas putida mt2. A resulting surface reaction leading to the formation of a corrosion-inhibiting vivianite layer was accompanied by a characteristic electrochemical potenti…
Interface phenomena play a vital role in thermoelectric (TE) microrefrigerators. The present study employs a phenomenological model to examine the behavior of TE refrigerators as a function of thermal and electrical contact resistance, boundary Seebeck coefficient, and heat sink conductance. We modify the conventional…
Rutherford backscattering (RBS) is a nondestructive, fully quantitative technique for accurately determining the compositional depth profile of thin films. The inverse RBS problem, which is to determine from the data the corresponding sample structure, is, however, in general ill posed. Skilled analysts use their know…
The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of structural materials used in boiling water reactors has been studied at relatively low hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, around lOppb, which was assumed to be representative of the corrosion environment formed in hydrogen water chemistry (HWC). The 1/4T compact tension spe…
We present systematic studies of polycrystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ where x is varied from 0.46 to 0.53 at 0.01 intervals. We have measured the magnetic resonance, ac susceptibility, dc magnetization, x-ray diffraction, four-probe resistivity, and optical reflectivity…
Static force−distance relations as well as linear and nonlinear viscoelastic responses to oscillatory shear were studied in 4‘- n -pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) confined between two muscovite mica surfaces at 25 °C. The orientation of the crystallographic axes of the mica sheets was varied from close to perfect alignme…
A thermal analysis has been performed for a package design pertinent to power electronics. The objective has been the derivation of straightforward expressions that relate the materials used and their physical dimensions to the power input and the junction temperature. This has been done for both steady-state operatin…
Small amounts of niobium (donor) doping in barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) cause semiconductivity in this material. When the amount of niobium is increased slightly, the BaTiO 3 is converted back to an insulator. This phenomenon is attributed to donor segregation. Such an insulating material can recover its semiconductivit…
Small alterations in chemical composition, even within the boundaries of the international standards, can drastically alter the formation kinetics of intermetallic phases in a stainless steel. Therefore, by means of isothermal annealing experiments, the time-temperature-precipitation (TTP) diagram was constructed for…
Variable temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) and real time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to study the Brill transition of well crystallized Nylon 10 12 samples. The experimental data demonstrate that Nylon 10 12 undergoes Brill transition at about 120°C. IR spectra also show that a sequence…
Microstructural changes occurring during oxidation of the reduced form of donor‐doped BaTiO 3 (Ba 1− X D X . Ti 1− X 4+ Ti X 3+ O 3 ) and during reduction of the oxidized form of donor‐doped BaTiO 3 (Ba 1− X D X . Ti 1− X /4 4+ ( V Ti ) X /4 O 3 ) were studied using TEM. Samples of both types of solid solutions, con…
Using a broad-range pH indicator, the corrosion of Al and Al alloys in chloride-containing agar gels was studied. Distinct changes in pH were observed at low-pH anodic sites and at high-pH cathodes. There was a definite edge effect that occurred when gels were placed directly on the metal, which dominated the pattern…
Opalescent films, which own their color to Bragg reflection of light, can be prepared from cholesteric cellulose derivatives. Both lyotropic and thermotropic systems can be realised. Here we describe the manipulation of the wavelength of selective reflection by (a) mechanical compression, (b) photoisomerization of pen…
Abstract The 4‐environment generalized micromixing (4‐EGM) model is applied to describe turbulent mixing and precipitation of barium sulfate in a tubular reactor. The model is implemented in the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent. The CFD code is first used to solve for the hydrodynamic fiel…
We present a Stokesian dynamics (SD) computer simulation study of the static and dynamical properties of a monolayer of spherical colloidal particles restricted to diffuse in the midplane between two parallel walls. SD simulations account for hydrodynamic interactions (HI's) among the particles, and between particles…
The segmental ligand 2-(6-(N,N-diethylcarbamoyl)pyridin-2-yl)-1,1'-dimethyl-2'-(5-(N,N-diethylsulfonamido)-pyridin-2-yl)-5,5'-methylenebis[1H-benzimidazole] (L3) is synthesized via a multistep strategy that allows the selective introduction of an electron-withdrawing sulfonamide group into the ligand backbone and its…
Abstract A combinatorial library approach enables us to find new low molecular-weight organogelators composed of a bile acid–alkylamine salt; the gel phenomena are investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and X-ray crystallography.