Materials Literature
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Abstract 1 H NMR relaxation data provide insight into the effects of carbon black fillers on the structure of polymer networks in products based on natural rubber so that accepted ideas concerning the interaction between elastomeric networks and active filling materials are confirmed. A new 1 H NMR relaxation experime…
Abstract Natural rubber was deproteinized with a proteolytic enzyme and surfactant to reduce nitrogen content less than 0.02%. The deproteinized rubber was further purified by acetone-extraction followed by transesterification with sodium methoxide. The density of rubber decreased and the thermal expansion coefficient…
Through combining an experimental investigation on the isothermal nanocrystallization thermodynamics of bulk amorphous selenium and a theoretical analysis, an easy and reliable way to derive the lower grain-size limit of polycrystalline materials was proposed. The grain-size limit for the polycrystalline selenium was…
Adsorption behavior of two grades of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was measured on silica and alumina in the presence of other organic and inorganic additives commonly used in ceramic processing. A fractional factorial designed experiment showed that the level of adsorption was significantly influenced by the powder or…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper represents a brief summary of a survey of the chemical and metallurgical composition of cast iron brake discs, as used in automotive applications by a wide range of different manufacturers across Europe. From the findings, sample discs were produced, to a standard design…
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Automotive styling trends point to reduced bumper overhang, greater sweeps, and reduced overall package space for the bumper system. At the same time engineers are charged with improving bumper performance to reduce collision repair costs and en…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">To reduce emissions from diesel engines, the effects of oxidation catalysts on the emissions reductions were studied. The effectiveness of several oxidation catalysts on both the regulated and unregulated emissions was evaluated. The oxidation activity of the catalysts was varied…
Abstract In situ silica reinforcement for the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) vulcanizates, which were premixed with a conventional silica (VN-3) and γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS), was achieved by the sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) using ethylenediamine. It was observed that the reinforce…
Abstract Gelator 1 which has two aliphatic chains, three amide groups, and one glucosamine unit showed an excellent gelation ability for many organic solvents. The in situ cross-link of these organic gels by toluene-2,4-diisocyanate resulted in new robust gels with high Tgel values, retaining their gel fiber super-str…
The crystallization behavior of nominal-composition GeSb 2 Te 4 films prepared by rf-magnetron sputtering are examined. The crystal structures of the as-sputtered and the annealed films at different annealing temperatures are identified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Two phase transformations occur in the conv…
A new Monte Carlo (MC) method is used to interpret experimental stress−optical coefficients ( C ) of polyethylene (PE) networks in uniaxial deformation. The method considers the deformation of individual PE-network chains, whose conformational properties and −CH 2 − segment orientations are calculated using a rotation…
The aim of this study was to make clear the age-hardening mechanism in a dental high carat gold alloy. For this purpose, age-hardening behaviour of a commercial dental high carat gold alloy, 65.5 wt% Au-14.0 wt% Ag-10.0 wt% Cu-8.9 wt% Pt, was investigated by means of hardness testing, X-ray diffraction study and scann…
We have fabricated poly-Si, Si, and Ti silicide field emitter arrays employing in situ vacuum encapsulated lateral field emitter structures and investigated the field emission characteristics such as turn-on voltage, emission current density, and the stability of the emission current. Although poly-Si and Si emitters…
Poling of lead zirconate titanate pyroelectric thin films has been studied. Poling temperature and electrical field were optimized to achieve high figures of merit. We have found a direct correlation between the onset of degradation current and the final pyroelectric coefficient showing that thermal activation for def…
Calculations, confirmed by experimental evidence on a polymer and on two ionically conducting solids, show that the variation of thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) with the heating rate depends on the polarization decay function that is assumed. This permits discrimination between models usually propo…
A polarity sensitive electrooptical effect has been observed in nematic liquid crystal–polymer mixtures where a gradient of the polymer network density is created by strongly absorbed ultraviolet light. The effect is accounted for by a model based upon consideration of the space charge distribution caused by the polym…
The synthesis and processing of ultrathin polymer films by stepwise adsorption from solution has enjoyed rapid developments in recent years, such that multilayer architectures can now be designed with nano-precision, while electrostatic adsorption of oppositely charged polymers has been used to produce optically and e…
The porous ZnO quenched from 500°C in air showed very low electrical resistance with non-ohmic current–voltage behavior. This characteristic was resulted from the surface energy barrier formed by negatively charged chemisorbed oxygen. The resistance and the non-ohmic exponent of the quenched specimen gradually decreas…
Holographic gratings were recorded on photosensitive Langmuir-Blodgett films characterized by UV spectroscopy, birefringence measurements and atomic force microscopy. Different polarizations of Ar laser writing beams create particular patterns of chromophore orientation in the diffraction spots. The gratings were show…
We have synthesized the ester derivatives of hydroxypropylcellulose by a reaction with alkanoic acids with a carbon number of 2 to 9. All these ester derivatives formed a thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystal. The temperature dependence of the cholesteric pitch was studied and discussed in relation to the side-chain…