Materials Literature
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In this review, the delicate interplay between stereochemical control, monitoring at the subnanometer level, and an understanding of crystal nucleation is probed. Control of crystal nucleation may be achieved employing tailor-made auxiliaries, which are either nucleation inhibitors or promoters. The process may be mon…
Molecular modeling has been performed on three cellulosic systems: the two native crystalline phases (Iα and Iβ) and an amorphous phase, constituted by four independent microstructures. The goal of the study is to describe different organizations of the material and to emphasize how crystalline and amorphous cellulose…
Abstract From large‐scale production, two monocrystalline silicon solar cells of different quality, i.e. I SC = 3.0 A (good cell) and I SC = 1.6 A (bad cell), have been studied by XPS combined with 4 keV Ar + depth profiling. Depth profiling was carried out through the anti‐reflection coating (TiO 2 ), the passivation…
Abstract This paper presents a study of Sb 2 O 3 subjected to oxygen plasma and to ion beam bombardment (Ar + and O 2 + ions of 4 keV) by x‐ray photoelectron and reflected electron energy‐loss spectroscopies. Changes in stoichiometry (i.e O/Sb ratio) and oxidation state of Sb have been detected and correlated with the…
Abstract Polymeric alloys of bisphenol A polycarbonate and a polyester‐type polyurethane were prepared over a complete composition range through melt mixing. The blends were characterized with optical and scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermal analysis (differential scannin…
Abstract Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) used for biomedical disposable devices was studied in the non‐sterilized state after different exposure times to soft x‐ray irradiation in a commercial photoelectron spectrometer (Al Kα, 15 kV/300 W; Mg Kα, 12 kV/240 W) by XPS surface analysis. The detailed spectra of C…
The polycrystalline single-phase sample of La 4 Si 2 O 7 N 2 was prepared at 1773 and 1873 K by the gas-pressured sintering method. The structure refinement was carried out by the Rietveld method using time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction data measured at 297 K. La 4 Si 2 O 7 N 2 is isostructural with the Y 4 Al…
The reaction of phosphanyl-terminated carbosilane dendrimers containing only one phosphorus ligand per arm with [MCl(cod)]2 (M = Rh, Ir; cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene) resulted in the grafting of MCl(cod) moieties on the surface of the dendrimer. However, dendrimers displaying two phosphorus ligands per arm gave very unst…
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A substrate-independent method is described for the synthesis of polymer brushes on solid surfaces. This entails pulsed plasma deposition of maleic anhydride to generate a free radical initiator containing thin film followed by styrene polymerization. Polystyrene layers of up to 150 nm thickness can be grown from thes…
It is shown that, during electron irradiation of a thin carbon film in the presence of gold nanoparticles, fullerene onion structures are produced at a much higher rate than in the case in which no nanoparticles are present. We conclude that steps on the gold nanoparticle act as catalytic sites to promote the rearrang…
Abstract The velocity of vulcameter torque change during the vulcanization of natural rubber consists of two increasing and decreasing stages. The vulcanization process in the stage of velocity increasing is not a simple reaction, and can be expressed in an equation of ln( M H − M t ) = ln A − K 1 ( t − t 0 ) α , whic…
Abstract We prepared biodegradable extruded starch blends by first mixing starch with additives and then processing the mixture in an extruder. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break, solubility, biodegradability, rheological properties, molecular weight, and glass‐transition tem…
A successful observation and analysis of the Zeeman effect on the $\ensuremath{\lambda}\ensuremath{\approx}1.54\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ photoluminescence band in Er-doped crystalline MBE-grown silicon are presented. The symmetry of the dominant optically active centers is conclusively established as orthorh…
Abstract Sisal fibers were used for the reinforcement of a polypropylene (pp) matrix. Composites consisting of polypropylene reinforced with short sisal fibers were prepared by melt‐mixing and solution‐mixing methods. A large amount of fiber breakage was observed during melt mixing. The fiber breakage analysis during…
This paper describes low-temperature voltammetry of purified hexanethiolate-coated monolayer-protected Au140 clusters (C6 MPCs). Lowered temperatures enhance the resolution of quantized double layer (QDL) charging peaks in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) observations. As many as 13 resolved peaks are seen in illu…
PMMA-layered silicate intercalated nanocomposites are synthesized using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) to produce ordered materials with significant levels of reinforcement. The scCO 2 is used to homogeneously distribute monomer as well as act as a low-viscosity solvent for MMA polymerization. This route allow…
Abstract Graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) onto poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was carried out by use of benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The effects of various polymerization conditions on graft degree were investigated, including solvents, monomer and initiator concentrations, reaction temperature, and ti…
A 1,10-phenanthroline-appended cholesterol-based gelator (1) and its nongelling reference compound (2) were synthesized. Among 19 solvents tested herein, gelator 1 could gelate 11 solvents including alcohols, dipolar aprotic solvents, organic acids and a base (triethylamine), indicating that 1 acts as a versatile gela…